If Wishes Were Horses Essay

The first recognisable ancestor of the rhyme was recorded in William Camden’s (1551–1623) Remaines of a Greater Worke, Concerning Britaine, printed in 1605, which contained the lines: â€Å"If wishes were thrushes beggers would eat birds†. [2] The reference to horses was first in James Carmichael[disambiguation needed]’s Proverbs in Scots printed in 1628, which included the lines: â€Å"And if wishes were horses, pure [poor] men wald ride†. 2] The first mention of beggars is in John Ray’s Collection of English Proverbs in 1670, in the form â€Å"If wishes would bide, beggers would ride†. [2] The first versions with close to the modern wording was in James Kelly’s Scottish Proverbs, Collected and Arranged in 1721, with the wording â€Å"If wishes were horses, beggars would ride†. [2] The modern rhyme above was probably the combination of two of many versions and was collected by James Orchard Halliwell in the 1840s. 1] The last line was sometimes used to stop children from questioning and get to work: â€Å"If if’s and and’s were pots and pans, there’d surely be dishes to do. † In popular culture[edit] The phrase is misquoted in the 2002 television series Firefly in the series finale episode â€Å"Objects in Space† in which Adam Baldwin’s character Jayne Cobb gets upset and says â€Å"Yeah and if wishes were horses, we’d all be eating steak. Star Trek Deep Space Nine Season 1, Episode 16 was called, If Wishes Were Horses. In the episode entitled Things Fall Apart Season Six, Episode 21 of the television series The West Wing, Josh Lyman makes a reference to the poem while in conversation with a female campaign staffer who tells him that if media circumstances were different, their candidate, Matthew Santos, would have already locked up the Democratic party’s nomination for president. Josh responds by saying, â€Å"If wishes†¦ orses†¦ etc. â€Å" She erroneously attributes the quote to Bob Dylan by asking Josh â€Å"What is that from some Dylan song? Guys your age have this thing about Dylan. â€Å"[3] In September 2010, Alexandrea Mellen famously quipped, â€Å"If wishes were horses, then the horse market would collapse†. The phrase is used by the character Spike in the television series Angel. In addition, in the series finale, when another character wishes â€Å"to do more violence†, Spike replies that â€Å"wishes are horses today†.

Changes in Children- Birth Essay

Before six months the main reason why a child’s emotion and emotional expression is different is due to the brain not being fully mylinated. As the child ages past the first month, their frontal cortex begins to advance as increasing neurological development is starting and beginning to modify and transform the operations of the in-built emotional expressions (Wilson, 2003, p. 55). Suffering, pain, joy, fear and interest are among the first emotions that an infant express. These primary emotions are important as this is a child’s first way of showing and communicating with adults their needs. It is for the reason of communication we must look at our primary emotions as a human survival mechanism, as these are involuntary and in- built features all children are born with (Wilson, 2003, p. 55). All primary emotions are all expressed in the same manner, which raises the question as to whether emotions are all universal; that emotions are genetic, or that all cultures share mutual background features. There are 2 main theories on emotional development; discrete emotions theory and a structural approach (Wilson, 2003, p. 48). Izard, Tomkins, Ekman are the leaders of discrete emotions theory. These theorists proclaimed that emotion had 3 components; physiological, behavioural and subjective. These emotions where present from birth and could be seen by studying facial expressions of infants. The results and information these theorists where gaining agreed with Darwin that these expressions where the same in all culture and must be an in-built neural feature. As humans age our primary emotions network with cognition and form ‘cognitive affected structures’, this is how secondary emotions are developed discrete emotions theory (Wilson, 2003, p. 49). This theory can be applied to my own family, as recently there was a sudden death of my aunt, as a result we had family members calling from different parts of Australia and the world calling to offer their condolences and support to our family. This reaction to a death of a family member is universal. The structural development approach see’s development as holistic. This approach states that all systems interact with each other and the environment with emphasis on the social environment. The environment play a large factor in the development of children, but theorists cannot deny genetic is also a large contributor. Sroufe a theorist states that all emotions have antecedent. In Sroufe’s theory in the first 6 months of an infant’s life emotional ancestor can also be physiological states and not recognised as emotions, and that secondary emotions build from there (Wilson, 2003, p. 50). By the age of two, a toddler’s brain contains more neurons than an adult and has twice the amount of connections between these cells. It has been linked that that as a toddler’s brain contains more neurons that they need more rest then adults for their brain’s to function fully. During this time more neurons die and more connections are pruned throughout brain in the first three years of life than other stage of life. The leading element of the development of expressions of emotion in the child’s environment is the carer and the care the child receives. Emotional deprivation occurs when children who are not had consistent warm emotional relationships as a young child, this leads to their secondary emotions being weak. Children who have suffered from emotional deprivation are targets for exploitation and paedophiles as they have ‘affection hunger’ (Wilson, 2012 slide, 8) A child in the toddlerhood has additionally reached a point where they have developed a sense of self. The maturation of the frontal lobes and the limbic circuit in the brain is the cause for the development of a toddler achieving a sense of self. As a result of the toddlers sense of self they are able to show empathy and can affectively communicate and label their emotions to their peers and adults. This allows a child to say ‘I am mad or sad’ instead of crying and having a tantrum, although toddlers still react in this manner they can communicate there emotions more effectively (â€Å"Emotional development†, 2006,. ara 7). From two to six years of age is early childhood. It is at this stage in a child’s life they have developed motor skills that enable them to become more self-sufficient and self-controlled. Children are creating friendships and being more engrossed in playtime such as; painting pictures which creates symbolic expression. There is an incr easing need for the carer to engage with the toddler by conversing and meeting the child’s social, cognitive and emotional needs, their perspectives, and interests. The child’s ability to tell stories is a way of understanding their perspectives (â€Å"Hearing young children’s voices,† nd, p. 19). Through a greater understanding of the world around them a child develop and understanding that the world didn’t revolve around them and that nothing was as simple as they one thought it was. During the age of 2-6 most children attend preschool, which gives young children a great understand about display rules. By attending preschool it gives young children an understanding about how to express their emotions in an appropriate way in all contexts of life ranging from family, school and society. Toddlers may learn how to appropriately express their emotions but influences from their family still have a great impact on their expression. The preschool is a system, with rules, boundaries, and expectations. It is important for children to know where they stand and by placing them in a system such as preschool whilst they are developing their emotional expression allows them to shine. For children in good environments the control of emotional expression accelerates from 3 to 5 years (Wilson, 2003, p132). From the age of six to eight children become aware of the difference between expressing emotion and feeling it. This affectively allows the child to manage their emotional expression by reflecting on their emotions; this is an emotional coping skill children learn in order to avoid negative attention or experiences such as bullying. Although, school age children are becoming more exposed to the wider world new challenges are arising such as, fears of failing or poor academic result in school as many children are put under presser from parents to achieve high grades (Berk, 2009, p. 410). When the child reaches ten years of age their expression of emotions is likely to have significantly enhanced. At this age most children have developed a set of techniques for controlling their expressions of emotion. General strategies are problem centred coping, they are able to identify the challenge, asses and solve issues that may arise. If problem solving is not successful the child may adopt emotion-centred coping that is private and internal (Berk, 2009, p. 410). An external influence has also been heightened during this period such communicating with their peers on how to deal with the situation. Children at this age are able to justify circumstances and actions or â€Å"reconstruct scenarios to make them seem less upsetting emotionally† (â€Å"Emotional development†, 2006,. para. 11). By age eleven, the child has began to integrate inner standards of excellence and good behaviour with self-conscious emotions; their internal strategies are starting to be utilised for self-regulating, and a shift from problem centred and emotion centred coping has taken place and there social etiquette of expressing emotions has improved (Berk, 2009, p. 416). In adolescents emotions are still forming. Most children reach adolescence rom eleven to twenty years. During this time an adolescent is trying to create distance from their family and form their independence. Peer pressure may appear to be irresistible regardless of the adolescence’s inner feelings, as it full fills their need for acceptance and desire to ‘fit it’. Emotional expression and even the adole scence’s inner feelings may alter on the way they react to certain stimuli or events, when in the context of groups, this can be seen in how a adolescent reacts on a school excursion to how they react out with their peers on the weekend at a movie theatre. Wilson, 2003, p. 176-77). Young adolescences’ endure peer group contexts where their expression of emotion is displayed in the environment of peer norms. Each child is an individual as they have been brought up in different backgrounds. In turn their fundamental feelings have been restricted although they have acquired the display associated with emotion. In example some adolescences may display in anger in what they have seen of anger, with the increase in aggression used television shows and in movies adds to the range of anger an adolescent cane use (Wilson, 2003, pp176-77). In certain circumstances some adolescences exhibition emotions that they may not feel or more emotions than felt, this is present in children of younger age groups but, is more dominant in adolescences. Adolescence is known as a period of storm and stress. Social, cognitive and environmental factors are a large contribution of how the adolescences expression of emotion will inevitably mature. During adolescence the social problems become more complex and they chose to talk to their peers to offer help to overcome this situation (â€Å"Emotional development†, 2006,. para. 12). Children who have been deprived have complex expressions of emotions, and on top of the struggle with complicated emotions that arise during adolescents put’s these children at greater strain. Adolescents according to Piaget are self- focusing. Piaget believed that during adolescence a new form of egocentrism formed as adolescents could not separate the difference between their thoughts and others thoughts. There were 2 main ways this could be explained, through self-audience and personal fable. Self -audience is when an adolescent believes they are the emphasis of everyone’s attention. It is through self-audience that adolescents may feel extremely self-conscious and aware of themselves. Self fable is when an adolescent feels that people are always giving them attention and watching them, this is similar to what a toddler may think but by this stage an adolescent should know that they can not always be the centre of attention. When an adolescent is not receiving they believe is due it leads to them being upset and moody. (Berk, 2009, p. 252) As human beings everyone develops their emotion expression at various time of their life. As we age and mature so do our emotions and expressions, how an infant reacts to a range of emotions compared to a 20 year old will be absolutely different, this may be due to the culture they have been brought up in or they have learned display rules. As seen throughout this essay emotional development does not occur in isolation but in some rare circumstances it does, there are many cognitive, neurological and behavioural influences interact with emotional, social and cultural influences. References Berk, L. (2009). Child development (8th ed. Person International Edition Colman,A. (2009), Oxford Dictionary of Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press Emotional development . (2006). Retrieved from http://www. education. com/reference/article/emotional-development/ Hearing young children’s voices, (n. d). Retrieved from http://www. children. act. gov. au/documents/PDF/under5report. pdf Wilson, L. (2003), The Emotional Life of Children. National Library of Australia: Charles Sturt University. Wilson, L. (2012). Lecture3: dependence needs of children [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from in class on the 17/07/2012

People Love To Have Pets, But What Do Pets Want Essay

There are many animals that would prefer to stay as far away from the indoors as possible! Even though some people keep their pets inside most of the time, they would much rather be outside living in their natural habitat. Many animals are covered in fur to protect them from cold weather and to keep animals such as dogs, cats, rabbits and mice is unethical treatment from humans when they would rather be outdoors where they were intended to live with other animals. There are those humans who simply don’t want to take their animals outdoors, and then there are others who enjoy caging wild animals, such as snakes, turtles, mice and lizards for their own enjoyment. It is unnatural for many animals who haven’t adapted to existing in an enclosed environment and it is unethical treatment against wildlife to hold them indoors, against their will. It is sad when you hear about people who mistreat animals and are careless to the pet’s desires of wanting to roam around in their natural habitat. There are occasions when animals are never allowed to go outdoors and are strictly kept in cages and fed manually by the pet owner. â€Å"We humans create homes that feel, smell, sound and look good to us, not our cat,† Ingrid Newkirk explains in her book, â€Å"250 Things You Can Do To Make Your Cats Adore You. † The author relates that our pets are not always comfortable and happy just because we are. We need to consider the comfort of every pet.

Shareholder Wealth Maximisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Shareholder Wealth Maximisation - Essay Example While on the other hand CSR refers to the obligation that a business has towards the society for using it as resource. In this era of global business, maximisation of shareholder's wealth has frequently exposed violations to the responsibility that a business has towards the society. (Roe M.J., 2001) The dawn of Globalization was characterised by reformative measures in economies, mobilization of funds and growth at unusual pace. After the initial precipitation it appeared that much had to be evaluated in terms of gains and losses as a whole. Accordingly, the concept of Shareholder's Wealth Maximisation has been critically evaluated by many and subsequently other theories have been developed. However, moving on to the other approaches a better understanding of the market conditionals is needed. In business economies the markets are divided according to the structural variations. There are perfectly competitive markets which is the majority and there others such as the Monopoly, Monopolistic competitive markets and the Oligopoly markets. The shareholder maximising theory has created much stir in the perfectly competitive markets such as the U.S. The points are discussed in the later part of the study. However in a monopoly market the maximisation theory can be alarming. The shareholders in a monopoly market will try to maximise the profit by producing less and hiking price. The additional premium will be increasing the shareholder's wealth if primacy norms are higher. If, however, the primacy norms are weaker the above condition will enhance the Nation's wealth. As the world is now a global village the differences in the different market no longer exists. Therefore everybody is more worried on the system and approaches to functioning rather than on the place. The instances of the bankruptcies, fraudulent practices, concentration of wealth has given rise to other schools of thought in the objective of a business. Alternative Approaches An overlook at different economies will point out broad groups in the style of functioning. There are traditional and radical players, there are modern and flexible counterparts and there are nations who have mixed approaches to structural formation. For example countries like U.S. or U.K. are known for their shareholder wealth maximisation culture, on the other hand countries like Japan and Germany are known for their Stakeholder Maximisation concept. The shareholder maximisation theory rules that the managers of a firm will conduct fiduciary duties towards the maximising the investors in the firm. The Stakeholder Concept states that the managers' goal should not only be to maximize the shareholders' wealth but also take into consideration the stakeholders. The stakeholders of a firm are the employees, suppliers, customers and the local communities. (Allen F. & Zhao M., 2007) The Stakeholder concept, popularized by R. Edward Freeman, gave the world an important aspect to think. The theory was powerful enough to change the structural framework of economics and law. The importance of capital always existed in the world of business but it undermined the contribution of other factors

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Case Study Example The second one, to change consumer habits, is a very effective strategy for any product because it has the potential to drive sales. It is very important to understand the consumer patterns and lifestyles and then introduce break-through ideas. PC-Build attempts to begin that trend of becoming knowledgeable and adept, so as the need for a technician is eliminated. It will also promote the concept of empowerment. The third one is that there is very limited competition in the market and this is very valuable piece of the picture as this provides clear cut proof that the business has potential to cover that portion of the market that has been sidelined and is therefore untapped. A very strong argument that supports the case of PC-Build as a business opportunity is that the timing and market is ripe for it. This can be analyzed in terms of both competition and pricing. The competition is not only very limited but also ‘sleepy’ according to the case study. The market leader, Heathkit, provides low quality products at high prices and is also dormant on national advertising. ATS provides high quality but supplies Apple which constitutes a small portion of the market. PC-Build aims to enter in the market through the education camps and this is a healthy strategy as this would avoid direct contact with competition and give PC-Build more time to establish its equity. In terms of market, the main target audience is home hobbyists or education centers. Total penetration is very low and this presents a unique opportunity to earn profits. Moreover, given the environment and computer literacy, the market is only expected to grow and a beneficial element is that there are two markets that can balance off each other: home hobbyists and education centers. The pricing is another strong element. This is because lack of competition ensures that the business can avoid price

The Causes of Crime Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Causes of Crime - Term Paper Example    One of the well-known researches that applied the Sociological Theory was made by a French Sociologist named Emile Durkheim. He conducted a classic study of suicide, with an attempt to explain the difference between the sociological from psychological intentions of individuals. According to Durkheim, there are four main types of suicide: Egoistic suicide – committed by people who do not feel attached to a group or community that commands their loyalty and participation, for example, foreign students in America who are away from their family and friends. Altruistic suicide – committed by people who have excessive loyalty to his group than himself, for example, soldiers compared to the individual. Fatalistic suicide – occurs when people believe that there is nothing they can do to alter their living conditions. Anomic suicide – people depend on social guidelines to order their lives and they commit these suicides to have one consequence when rules of behavior are conflicting (Encyclopedia of Death and Dying, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In arriving at his conclusions, Durkheim identified few factors relating to the issue and applied theories one at a time to the data until they fitted. He concluded that â€Å"suicide rate varied from group to group† (Gelles and Levine, 1999, p.25). It means to say that there is no exact causal pattern for suicide and the tendency that people may or may not commit suicide depends upon the attributes of the group he belongs to. For example, Japanese soldiers were most likely to take their lives than other members of armed forces; â€Å"unmarried people had much higher rates than married people did† (Schaefer, 2001, p. 11). Though Durkheim offered a more scientific explanation to the causes of suicides compared to other findings, his conclusions were still weak. A theory is not a final explanation of events, like human behavior. That is why sociologists continue to determine other factors that will explain why people commit suicide (summarized based f rom Shaefer, 2001, p.11; website reference containing closely similar facts at http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/CURRIC/soc/durkheim/durkw2.htm)

Balance in the Administration of Justice and Security Integrative Research Paper

Balance in the Administration of Justice and Security Integrative - Research Paper Example In essence, due to the dire situation in the organization of justice a lot of stigma is exerted on criminals and they are separated from ordinary inhabitants thus denying them their fundamental rights. Additionally, criminals are exposed to cruel conditions and given very barbaric penalties like capital punishment. However, the progression of evenhandedness and protection has brought good tidings for offenders and general residents in the sense that it provides for a tight balancing act linking justice and security. Such a concept guarantees the equal rights of all in society and creates a viable ambience for the achievement of justice. Much of the development of security and justice occurred in the course of the 21st century mostly due to the novel technology along with regulations enabling nations to create fresh types of retributions in the process of advancing justice. The outcomes of this evolution are evident as more liberties have been included in constitutions with the endeav or of establishing balance. The ratification of constitution by the authority has been engineered by the need to offer justice along with security to its citizens. A number of parameters pertain to the legal atmosphere where constitution as well as justice thrives. These parameters comprise of authority, punitive measures, mutual understanding in addition to fairness. Moreover, there are matters that pertain to the liberties of citizens along with security and the sustenance of order (Barreneche, 2006). They comprise of intrusion with liberties of as enshrined in the law. Dynamics like mass media along with technology have facilitated the delivery of security and justice to the nation. There has been an unprecedented evolution of fairness with safety in the 21st century facilitated by the establishment of novel policies to boost security in the country along with the guarantee of justice. As a result, majority of the nations have enacted legislations that conceptualize the manner in which matters of crime are dealt with. Such stipulations have been central in the quest for impartiality in addition to safety in the nation making it possible to establish a balance between the two primary parameters. Therefore, the evolution of security along with justice has been good news not only to the criminal justice system but also to the twin dynamics of security and justice which occupy a central position in the vast criminal justice system. Subsequently, surveillance has been beefed up to address activities of crime in several nations. A perfect example is the ratification of an anti terror act by America to assist in thwarting instances of crime. The primary intention of the legislation is the guarantee of security to the country’s citizens (Kelly et al, 2004). Among the many dynamics of the law include the guarantee of safety via security measures at airports and boundaries and seizure among others. The central pillar is the noninterference with the rights and liberties of citizens in the process of maintaining security. Therefore, the process of providing security and guaranteeing order should not in any way compromise the liberties and freedoms of citizens. As a result, even offenders have their rights which must not be denied. Law enforcement officers and other security agents are supposed to esteem the liberties of citizens as exemplified in the constitution. Every operation and activity must be guided by the law. However,

PEER REVIEW AND SELF ASSESSMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PEER REVIEW AND SELF ASSESSMENT - Essay Example We also connected and worked together, and no one dodge d his or her responsibilities and that made it easier finishing the group work within the agreed time. However, there was a weakness in that some of the members did not respond on time, which resulted in performing in a rush so as be done with the project within the due date. In addition, communication was another issue, whereby, some members like Jennifer and Carolyn always responded late on the discussion board. It changed towards the end, though, for Carolyn as she increases the number of time she communicated. Jennifer, however, never changed and always had an excuse. Another challenge is that, initially there was we had a problem with nursing diagnosis, whereby, we kept going back and forth, on which diagnosis would be correct for the patient. Eventually, we all agreed on the final diagnosis and everyone consented on the final decision. In terms of contribution, I would say that it varied although during the diagnosis it wa s equal. Jennifer contributed the least as she always presented excuses for not being able to carry out a task. In a future project, what I would do differently is ensuring that I have every group member’s number such that communication is improved. Further, I would ensure that we hold group meetings frequently, which possibly would make everyone more serious and effective. During the first few classes, I assumed this course was easy and thought that it only involved the assessment of patients. However, I have come to learn that advance health assessment is very broad and requires a lot of critical thinking. It has developed me in the way I am to assess my patients which and now I am able to issue a quality patient examination. It was challenging at the beginning but through constant consultation with the professor and studying of books such as Jarvis Physical

Assignments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assignments - Essay Example Sporadic outbreak of serious epidemics demands maximum service from the health care sector. The role of nurses becomes crucial at this juncture. A nursing student should be well trained in epidemic management and care. So it is advisable for nursing students to attend such epidemic stricken areas as part of their curriculum. Caring older people is an important aspect of nursing job. The geriatric community is very vulnerable and hence dealing with them requires good training. Usually the elder people are dependent both physically and mentally. Attending to the patient’s nutritional intake, personal hygiene and mobility is a time consuming process. Once they are with the elder patients they get to know them better, especially their individual personality. In addition to these elderly patients suffer from conditions like dementia. Interacting with such patients with mental dependence demands a lot of patience from the nurse’s part. Assignments 1st Assignment Different com munities have their own specific traditions which will be very useful in treating them. Many ethnic medical practices were found to be useful in modern medicine. A close observation of the tribal community opens the storehouse of ethnomedicine and native wisdom. The tribal people are aware of many herbs which have medicinal value and can be used as panacea to many fatal illnesses. In addition to this, knowing the customs and manners of a community makes the interaction with them easier. For that, a trip to any ethnic religious ceremony or family function can be included in the course. â€Å"At a practical level, nurses must be cognizant that culture affects individual and collective experiences that are directly and indirectly related to health† (Singleton & Krause, 2009). This helps the student to experience the intensity of family relationship and moral values particular to that group. This knowledge can be useful for the nurse to make necessary arrangements for them in the hospital when they come for treatment later in life. Knowing more about other culture and customs can help the student improve his outlook about the world, thus broadening the frontiers of knowledge on traditions, religion and languages. As a result of this program the student develops; 1. Awareness of the cultural background of the patient 2. Sensitivity to the cultural needs of the patient 3. Expertise in implementing culturally based strategies to provide better health care 2nd Assignment The need for serving an epidemic affected community can be best illustrated by analyzing the activities of a nurse in an epidemic outbreak like Malaria. In such a situation, a nurse is required to have expertise in taking the medical history of the patient, collecting blood samples, should have an idea of the therapeutic guidelines in treating the disease. The nurse should also know vector management and control, and record keeping and documentation of medical information. While engaging in epi demic management, the student learns to give health promotion guidelines to patients to remain alert in preventing further outbreaks. This rapid assessment of epidemic involves ‘assessment of current circumstances and scope of the damage’ (Veenema, 2007, p. 182). In addition to this, they learn the different follow up techniques to be used among the patients in the post outbreak period. As part of their course, they can keep a record of their activities in the endemic affected area. This

Cubism movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cubism movement - Essay Example â€Å"Within the first two decades of the 20th century, a new art movement began that was unlike any other—Cubism. Started by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, most Cubist works are immediately recognizable due to their flattened, nearly two-dimensional appearance; an inclusion of geometric angles, lines, and shapes; and a fairly neutral color palette†.Imagination and influence of other artists was contagious and spread like the wild-fire! Artists were waiting in the wings, as if to tread the path of this novel mode of art. Additions and subtractions were made to the original conception of Cubism. The great artist Picasso was highly influenced by the works of Paul Cezanne and Jean Dominique. He experimented with ambiguous silhouettes. Next to catch his imagination was primitive and African art. Artists began to don the gowns of mathematicians. Cezanne advised the artists to treat nature in terms of the cylinder, cone and the sphere. Picasso and Braque did further improv ements. After conceiving the totality of the subject, they fragmented and analyzed and then reassembled it in an abstract form. They were criticized and appreciated for their extraordinary experiments—that they abandoned proportions, continuity of life samples and organic integrity and material objects. Critics said that the works looked like a field of broken glass.Notwithstanding the criticism and differences in opinions, Cubism thrived. â€Å"The Cubist emphasized a flat, two-dimensional surface and rejected the idea that art should imitate nature.

Effects of flicker on reading comfort (part 2) Essay

Effects of flicker on reading comfort (part 2) - Essay Example Two types of questionnaire, an initial questionnaire to identify the previous experience of discomfort and a symptom questionnaire were used. Results: The results indicated insignificant difference between discomforts caused by sustained reading and using computer. The condition of 50 Hz induced the greatest impact on reading comfort compared to DC. The most affected symptoms of discomfort were vision discomfort followed by eyestrain, blurred vision and headache. The mean difference of 75 Hz, 100 Hz and 140 Hz compared to DC lighting situation was not significant. Conclusion: The study shows that reading under 100 Hz LEDs light has no different effects on comfort than reading under LEDs light powered on DC. In addition, the study shows insignificant difference between discomfort induced by reading and by computer use in terms of incidence and nature. Further studies are required with larger and balanced sample size, different direction of illumination and longer period of reading tim e to address the possible limitations of this experiment. Methods Participants Students of the University of New South Wales (UNSW) were invited by posters and emails to participate in the experiment. Participants who completed the experiment received a nominal reward. The inclusion criteria were good binocular vision, lack of ocular and systemic abnormalities that possibly influence reading ability, and age had to be between 19 to 30 years old since light sensitivity often higher at this age group. The exclusion criteria were any known case of migraine or photosensitive epilepsy. A total number of 18 students were recruited (2 male and 16 female), all signed an informed consent form prior commencing the study. Ethics and the study protocol were reviewed and approved by the UNSW Human Research Ethics Advisory (UNSW HREA) Panel. Design and Procedure In a double masked randomized crossover study, discomfort symptoms were self-reported by using two types of questionnaires; an initial q uestionnaire and symptoms questionnaire. The participants had to attend five reading sessions under LED light, but with different rate of flicker in each session. They were randomly assigned to the sessions by Latin squares, and the reading sessions had to be separated by at least one day. At the beginning of the first session, the initial questionnaire had to be completed, whereas symptom questionnaire had to be filled immediately at the beginning and at the end of every session to evaluate reading discomfort. During the reading sessions, the ambient light was turned off, and the room was completely dark, so the only light source was that installed in lighting booth. The booth was positioned on a table, and a â€Å"twilight† novel was placed inside the booth directly under the light. Each subject had to read a part from the book on every session for 30 minutes with the habitual glasses. Comfortable sitting was enhanced by providing an adjustable chair placed in front of the booth to read with habitual reading posture. Questionnaires Two types of questionnaires were used in the study: the initial questionnaire and the symptom questionnaire. The initial questionnaire was designed to examine the previous experience of discomfort related to reading and computer use and to detect unknown cases of photosensitive epilepsy or migraine. The first part of the questionnaire was

Analysis of Newspaper Research Report Results Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Newspaper Research Report Results Essay A study recently published in the San Jose Mercury News suggests the parents of obese children do not perceive their children as obese. An analysis of this study, its methods, and its findings is an important exercise in understanding the meaning and relevance of all research. The ability to read research critically and understand how it was generated allows us to identify possible design flaws or to realize the validity of its conclusions and make appropriate use of the data. The study was conducted through an internet research firm for the University of Michigan. Its goal was to determine the percentage of parents who realized their children are obese and to compare it to the percentage of parents that do not realize their children are obese. The participants were selected by simple random sampling and were considered a representative sample of American parents. The sample included 2060 respondents (Runk, 2007). The data appeared to be collected through internet surveys. The study was observational and measured continuous data sets including the height, weight, age, and gender of the participants children (Bennett, Briggs, Triola, 2003). A body mass index greater than or equal to the 95th percentile in comparison to children the same age and gender was the criteria used for obesity in this study. The data from these children was then compared the national percentage of children considered obese by the same standards. Qualitative data pertaining to whether or not the parents thought their children were slightly overweight, very overweight, or about right was also collected (Runk, 2007). Although it was not specifically stated, I hypothesize the children studied were broken down into bins by age and gender. The first bin comprised of obese girls six to 11 years old and the second bin obese boys six to11 years old. For the 12 to 17 year old group the first bin included obese girls 12 to 17 years old and the second bin included obese boys 12 to 17 years old. I further hypothesize the parents of children in each group were binned according to their response to the qualitative assessment of their childs weight. For each age group the first bin included parents who answered   very overweight, the second bin included parents who answered slightly overweight, and the third bin included parents who answered about normal (Bennett, Briggs, Triola, 2003). The findings in the six to 11 year old group revealed 15% of the children in this age group met the criteria for obesity. This finding was not significantly different from the national figure which reports 17% of all children in the United States are obese by the standard of this study. Thirteen percent of the parents of obese children in this age group categorized their children as very overweight, 37% classified their children as slightly overweight, and 43% reported their children were about right (Runk, 2007). The findings in the 12 to 17 year old group revealed 10% of children in this age group met the criteria for obesity. This finding is significantly lower than the national figure for obese children. Thirty one percent of the parents of obese children in this age group reported their children as being very overweight, 56% reported their children as slightly overweight, and 11% reported their children were about right (Runk, 2007). Researchers concluded both age groups under reported the incidence and severity of obesity when compared to the national statistic stating 17% of all children meet the criteria for obesity outlined in this study (Runk, 2007). I agree the severity of obesity was greatly under reported in both groups. However, I disagree with the assertion the incidence of obesity was under reported in the six to 11 year old group. I believe the difference between 15% and 17% could easily be a coincidence. It may also have resulted because the internet was used to collect data and poor children are more likely to be obese and less likely to have internet access (Vieweg, Johnston, Fernandez Pandurangi, 2007). I do agree that obesity seemed to be considerably under reported in the 12 to 17 year old group. A statistically significant difference (about 7%) occurred between that age groups 10% incidence and the 17% national incidence of childhood obesity (Runk, 2007). Such a large difference is unlikely to be a coincidence and supports the theory that obesity was under reported in this age group or  confounding was present (Bennett, Briggs, Triola, 2003). Critical analysis of this data reveals many strengths and a few significant weaknesses in the design and implementation of this study. The goal is clearly stated, to determine the percentage of parents who realized their children are obese and to compare it to the percentage of parents that do not realize their children are obese. This goal was clearly accomplished for all the study participants. The source of the study is the University of Michigan which can be considered a reliable, neutral source. The sampling is sufficiently large, but whether or not it is representative of childhood obesity in this country is questionable. A serious problem with the sample exists as a result of using the internet as the setting. High proportions of obese children are socioeconomically disadvantaged and may not have internet access. The internet setting is likely to account for the apparent under reporting of obese children noted in this study and as such is a probable source of confounding. The criterion for obesity is well defined and could be easily measured in all the subjects, but I remain concerned a significant portion of obese children may have been inadvertently omitted from consideration. In the end, however, I find there is a strong practical use for this data. Healthcare providers are made conscious of the fact that the parents are, more often than not, genuinely unaware their child is obese. This data supports the decision to open a dialogue with parents and offer teaching about the dangers and prevention of childhood obesity the clear course of action. References: Bennett, J., Briggs, W., Triola, M. (2003). Statistical Reasoning for EverydayLife, Second Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison Wesley. RetrievedDecember 5, 2007, from University of Phoenix rEsource HCS 438. Runk, D. (2007, December 24). Parents dont realize their kids are fat. MercuryNews (San Jose). Retrieved December 28, 2007, fromhttp://www.mercurynews.com/healthandscience/ci_7799918?nclick_check=1. Vieweg, V., Johnston, Fernandez, A., Pandurangi. A. (2007). Correlation between high risk obesity groups and low socioeconomic status in school children. Southern Medical Association. Retrieved January 12, 2008, from University of Phoenix library [EBSCOhost].

Criticisms Or Limitations Of HRM Strategic Hrm Commerce Essay

Criticisms Or Limitations Of HRM Strategic Hrm Commerce Essay Over the past century, the concept of Human Resources Management (HRM) has been going through some significant changes. According to Nankervis, Compton and Baird, the main focus of human resources management is the overall management of an organizations workforce in the purpose of achieving the desired objectives of the organizations in the long run (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). From personnel administration management to human resources management, and then further developing to strategic human resources management, the HR functions of an organization has evolved into a more central strategic role. Nowadays, the change in IR landscape has led to a rise in the attention paid to HRM. With consumer focusing more on the service provided rather than the physical merchandised goods, the demand for a well-functioned HRM has largely increased. HRM is no longer a function performed by HR supervisors but is also seen as a competitive advantage of the organization to achieve its long-term objectives and goals. To a greater extent, this essay will define and compare HRM and SHRM, investigating the hard and soft approaches to HRM. The limitations and criticisms of various HRM models will also be covered in the later paragraph. Lastly, two external environment factors in which organizations are facing nowadays are identified with a research on how the strategic approach to HRM is contributing to their ability to respond to such changes. Human Resources Management (HRM) is defined as the policies, practices and systems established by an organization that shape employees behaviour, attitudes as well as performance towards their job (DeCieri Kramar, 2005). It focuses mainly on managing the productive use of people of the organization in order to achieve its strategic objectives and at the same time upholding a healthy employer-employee relationship to satisfy the individual employees needs (Stone, 2005:4). Before investigating the two models of Human Resources Management (HRM) and Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM), one should take into considerations that the assumptions underpinning the HRM: the unitarist approach assuming a partnership between the employers and employees on a set of common interest with a mutual commitment to achieve the proposed objectives; and the pluralist approach in which the relationship between the two parties is assumed to have to inevitably go through a conflict of interest and th at negotiations are crucial in resolving the problem (Kane, 1996). Ever since the early 20th century, HRM is seen as merely a personnel function carrying out the day-to-day administrative business of an organization, such as the promotion of employee welfare. While HRM further evolved in the later years, HRM started to turn into a professional approach where specialists are employed to conduct the HR-related task of the organization, including recruitment, training and welfare activities (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). Another perspective of HRM, the resource-based view started to gain popularity in the late 1990s, advocating HR as a valuable resource capable of contributing to the sustained competitive advantage of the organization. In other words, facilitating the development of a company-specific and unique competencies would help sustain the competitive advantage of an organization, and in this case it will be the people (Brewster, Carey, Grobler et. al., 2008). Around the sa me period of time, SHRM also came into being in which it is viewed as more of a macro perspective of the strategic approach in managing employees as a result of the integration of the early personnel management and industrial relations as well as HRM (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). While going into details the definitions and development of HRM, the Harvard model is also useful in showing that HRM theories are way broader than simply a personnel function. It consists of five main factors supporting the central principle of the utilization of employees to ensure the achievement of an organizations desired goals, namely the stakeholder interest, situational factors, HRM policy choice, HR outcome and long-term consequences (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). It is well accepted that dramatic changes that took place in the past decades have created new challenges for HR professionals, forcing them to evolve and enhance their role as a purpose to address these challenges (Brewster, Carey, Grobler et. al., 2008). Instead of limiting the HR department to certain administrative roles, organizations began to line them up with the business managers, in which both parties work together to create a strategic partnership. Such process is what we call the SHRM. According to DeCieri and Kramar, SHRM is known as a pattern of planned HR developments and activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals (DeCieri Kramar, 2005). One might find it difficult to distinguish between HRM and SHRM. Strategic Human Resources Management stresses the importance of the establishment of HR plan and strategies in order to fulfill an organizations long-term objectives. It is seen as more of a practical model that encourage organization to plain in t he long run, taking potential changes from all other aspects such as the society, economic condition, technology enhancement, industrial relations, etc. into account (Dessler, Griffiths Lloyd-Walker, 2007). Human resources is valued as a source of competitive advantage to certain organizations. Comparing to HRM, SHRM is claimed to be a model that requires more interpretations and well-rounded planning to ensure the most desirable outcomes to suit best with the organizations business plans (Dessler, Griffiths Lloyd-Walker, 2007). With the two theoretical concepts of HRM and SHRM defined and compared, we can now go into investigating another two important approaches to HRM: the hard HR and the soft HR approaches. With reference to Druker, White, Hegewisch and Mayne, the hard approach places the main focus on the strategic business objectives of an organization, treating HR as a resource in achieving its competitive advantage (Druker, White, Hegewisch Mayne, 1996). The soft approach, on the other hand, emphasizes more on the communication, consultation, counseling and support elements within the relationship between the employers and employees (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). While both approaches have validity to particular industries and organizations and is argues that a hard approach must be corresponded with a soft approached to achieve the most desirable outcome (Kaye, 1999), it is said that HRM is more likely to lie towards the hard approach and thus the SHRM better matching the key principle of the s oft approach. Nowadays, in the rapidly growing society where globalization has become the most common issue for most countries, organizations are no longer able to neglect the outside force. Changes have taken place within the organization and so as the role of the HR professionals. Taking various external factors into account, very few organizations can continue with their same old HR policies and practices and therefore, new strategies are to be re-designed. In other words, a lot of adjustments in regards to an organizations HRM plans will have to be made in order to respond to such changes (Brewster, Carey, Grobler et. al., 2008). External factors facilitate the values, attitudes and behaviour of an employee at work and it can be classified into three categories: global, national and industrial (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). Taking the Global Financial Crisis as an example, we will look into the impact it has on HR planning as well as how the HR professionals of an organization is evolving in for the respond to the change. The financial crisis was first triggered by the liquidity shortfall of the US banking system in 2007 and has resulted in the collapse of a number of large financial organizations (Holy See Review, 2010). It is well accepted that such huge issue is affecting almost every single organizations around the world, regardless of their size. It is obvious to organizations that increasing competitive advantages is the only choice for them to better equipped themselves so as to strength their market value and survive through the unstable fluctuating economy. Since it is mentioned in the previous p aragraphs that HR is seen as one of the competitive advantage of organizations, it is not playing a very crucial role under such circumstance. While a number of organizations might choose to be more preservative by cutting down on their staff members as a cost-reducing strategy, with the SHRM model, HR practitioners will instead be focusing more on modifying the HR strategies to address the situation. For instance, by re-designing the HR strategies as well as carrying out a work-life balance policy, the organization would be able to survive through the hard times of the crisis with its employees, eventually promoting employees productivity and loyalty to the organization and thus, reducing absenteeism and the staff turnover of the organization (Schmidt-Hebbel, 2008). Another relevant external environment factor faced by organizations recently is the demographic change of the workforce resulted from an ageing population. As a result of the declining fertility rate, a rising life expectancies as well as the increased migration level, the median age of the populations is proven to be going up very rapidly (Murray Syed, 2005). Though older employees are generally more experienced and therefore more productive than the younger ones, to a greater extent, they tend to suffer more from physical illness and disability, contributing to a higher level of absenteeism. Also, comparing to the younger employees off the organization, it is always harder for older employees to be innovative and adapt to the changing environment as soon as it takes place (Murray Syed, 2005). However, if one does accept that the older workforce are generally more loyal to the organization and that their views and experiences are valuable, diversity management is very much require d to be carried out by the HR professionals. Diversity management is defined as a process of managing peoples similarities and differences at work (DeCieri Kramar, 2005). A number of policies with respect to diversity management can be introduced in order to address the issue. For example, trainings such as computer course can be provided for older employees to help them in adapting to the new working environment. Welfare like long service leave can also be promoted to specially address the older employees of the organization. While HRM is seen as a valuable competitive advantage of organizations, some might argue that there is also a drawback associated with the concept. HRM is sometimes avoided because it is way too complex and time-consuming to organizations (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). For an effective HR plan to be carried out, a large sum of money and resources are to be contributed. A fully functioned data-base system is required to store the details with respect to the employment relationship such as their positions, trainings and developments and this can be rather complicated to set up without the adequate support from HR specialists (Kane, 1996). Various conflicts of interests are certain to come along when planning and conducting the HR strategies that even the top management of an organization might find it worthless to invest in (Nankervis, Compton Baird, 2008). In conclusion, the concepts of both HRM and SHRM have been discussed. While HRM is defined as policies and systems established by an organization in the focus of an effective utilization of its people to achieve to desired objectives, SHRM is known a pattern of HR developments enabling an organization to reach its goals overtime. A number of theoretical concepts including the unitarist and pluralist approaches, the resource based view of HRM as well as the hard and soft approaches are referenced in the purpose of further explaining the concepts and distinguishing between HRM and SHRM. Two external environmental circumstances, namely the global financial crisis and the ageing workforce are identified in which an organizations strategies in addressing such changes is explored. Last but not least, the criticisms and limitations associated with HRM, such as its complexity and the costly process of setting up the HR data-base system are also taken into account so as to give a thorough und erstanding of the entire concept.

A Reflective Account On The Decision Making Process

A Reflective Account On The Decision Making Process For this assignment, I have used Gibbs reflective cycle to reflect on the impact of psychosocial and cultural issues on decision making in dietetic practice. In this reflective piece, I have focused on how these factors contribute to malnutrition in the elderly. My patient was a 79 year old Caucasian lady, referred for nutrition support. She had experienced an unintentional weight loss of 10 kilograms (kg) over two years, since losing her husband. Her weight loss had become a serious concern for her, which led to her referral by her general practitioner (GP). During the consultation, she explained that she had lost 3kg in one month, which is when she started worrying as she noticed her clothes were loose. I examined her food diary and asked further questions to get an overall picture of how she was managing and if other factors were affecting her. She seemed to have an adequate diet, although at her last visit to her GP eight months prior, she was informed that she had impaired fasting glucose (IFG). She therefore decreased her intake of sugary foods for fear of becoming diabetic. When she mentioned she had lost her husband of 55 years, I immediately thought this was the reason for her weight loss. She admitted having battled with loneliness and depression for a while and that support from her son and family was helping her through this difficult time. However, although they visited at weekends, she had no other social support. She spent her time at home except for when she was out doing her weekly shopping. Several psychosocial factors emerged from this part of the consultation including bereavement and the state of depression, which she endured following this traumatic event . A significant attribute of bereavement and depression is appetite loss. She no longer had anyone to appreciate her cooking efforts and the deprivation of companionship at mealtimes became a reminder of her loss. A time of communication, joy and bonding had become a painful experience, leading to lack of interest in any activity related to food or eating, making it more of a chore . Eating is a social variable and part of our self and social identity, which also makes it a cultural variable. It is a structured part of ones everyday life and a valued social activity for most married people. Food habits developed throughout life are an important component of culture and strongly influence food decisions. The stress of bereavement can alter the social, psychological and cultural significance of food during this time . Other psychosocial determinants include access to food, and ability to cook and share meals with others . The patient was shopping for herself and consuming ready meals as she still struggled cooking just for one. It is common for elderly people to consume ready meals as it is convenient since they can buy and freeze them, and they are single portions . She only cooked when her son came to visit. I suggested joining a social club in the area, which could help improve her morale . Meal ambiance has been shown to improve levels of ingestion and is an important stimulus modulated to help increase appetite in places such as nursing homes . Unfortunately, she suffered from urinary incontinence (UI) and found it embarrassing to urinate so frequently when around people, so she declined. I decided it was best to encourage her in relation to her diet so that she felt she was already doing something to help herself and that her coming to see the dietitian would add to her efforts in trying to gain weight . Relocation and change of environment can also yield negative outcomes in terms of psychosocial disturbances such as, anxiety, depression and loneliness, associated with transferring from one place to another . She had recently moved to a smaller house, which was a stressful time for her. She had settled in but had had a hard time adjusting. This is an area I should have explored further. For example, had she made friends in the area; had she changed her eating habits due to limited access to foods she was used to having and so forth. These issues would have impacted on her intake and weight if they were causing her anxiety or depression . Financial constraint is another psychosocial factor to consider when giving dietary advice, as unaffordability affects intake . Cognitive decline is also associated with reduced intake in the elderly as they may not have the desire to eat or may forget to do so . According to her food diary and where she mentioned she was shopping from, she was not restricting herself. She was consuming three meals a day with snacks. However, as research suggests, misreporting of food diaries is common where patients try to present themselves more favourably . Alternatively, keeping the food diary may have acted as a reminder for her to eat. However, this issue was not explored on this occasion. Another psychosocial issue I considered was the food anxiety which had been created following the IFG test. Her GP had told her she was in the pre-diabetic stage and so she had eliminated most fruit and all high sugar foods from her diet as she was worried about becoming diabetic. Food habits are a set of culturally standardised set of behaviours which have been reared in individuals from childhood. Therefore, every person has a culture which dictates their eating behaviour . The burden of disease caused her to change her eating habits . She was anxious about eating foods with sugar, which formerly was a safe component of her diet. I explained that she did not have to exclude sugar from her diet completely. This created confusion as my advice was conflicting with that of her GPs. I clarified that she could still have small amounts of sugar in her but that she was wise to reduce on pure forms of sugar e.g. sweets. She was relieved to discover this and seemed happier that she could relax her diet. When negotiating her goals, I explored the cultural aspect of her diet as her compliance would be affected if I did not consider her current dietary habits. I looked at her meal pattern and food items. When discussing the food fortification process, I was able to relate this directly to specific foods in her diet. Using the appropriate wording is also important as for some, dinner may be evening meal, and tea may be a tea break mid-afternoon . By the end of the consultation, the patient said she felt better following our conversation as she had a clear idea of what she had to do. I wrote down her plan and she said she would buy herself some nice treats on her way home. I hoped that giving her tips on food fortification would give her more of an incentive to eat . Having explored this case in depth, I feel I could have been more thorough about her social life. I could have found out if she had close friends whom she could catch up with over cake and tea. Also, I could have suggested she see her GP about the UI as research shows that behavioural treatment, drugs, exercise or a combination of these can help better control UI. In turn, solving or reducing this problem could restore her confidence in leaving the house more often and lead to her increasing her social network . I could also have asked about her hobbies as this may have helped generate ideas to help improve her morale aswell . If I were to deal with such a situation again, in addition to what I did in this consultation, I would explore more of her cognitive function to see if this was having an impact on her intake. Decline in sensory function can also cause reduced intake as foods no longer taste or smell the same. Forgetting to eat is also common and may require distinct measures such as using an alarm clock as a reminder. I assumed that she was eating well from what she showed me in her food diary but I could have been more flexible in my questioning which may have helped to determine whether she was forgetting to have her meals .

Acid Rain :: Free Essay Writer

Modern society is becoming overwhelmed with great amounts of pollution from cars, factories, and an overabundance of garbage. The immense amounts of sulphur dioxide emitted into the air causes high levels of acid in the atmosphere. When this sulphuric acid is absorbed into moisture in the air, poignant rainfalls can be damaging to the external environment. Acid rain is a serious problem with disastrous effects. Each day this serious problem increases. Many people believe that this issue is too small to deal with right now, but this issue should be met head on and solved before it is too late.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Acid rain is defined as any rainfall that has an acidity level beyond what is expected in non-polluted rainfall. Any precipitation that has a pH value of less than 5.6 is considered to be acid precipitation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the main causes of acid rain is sulfur dioxide. Natural sources that emit this gas are volcanoes, sea spray, rotting vegetation, and plankton. However, the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, are largely to be blamed for approximately half of the emissions of this gas in the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nitric oxide and nitric dioxide are also components of acid rain. Its sources are mainly from power stations and exhaust fumes. Like sulfur dioxide, these nitrogen oxides rise into the atmosphere and are oxidized in clouds to form nitric acid. Acid rain has drastic effects on our environment. It causes lakes and rivers to become acidic, killing off fish. Short-term increases in acid levels kill lots of fish, but the greatest threat is from long-term increases, which stop the fish reproducing. Plants and algae in lakes also suffer from increased acid levels. When the pH gets down to 4.5, virtually everything is dead.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How does acid rain affect humans? Among one of the serious side effects of acid pollution on humans are respiratory problems. The SO2 and NO2 emissions give rise to respiratory problems such as asthma, dry coughs, headaches, eye, nose, and throat irritations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The best approach to acid rain is to reduce the amount of Nitrogen Oxides and Sulfur dioxides being released into the atmosphere. Fitting a catalytic converter to a car can reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides by up to 90 percent, but they are very expensive, and cause more carbon dioxide to be released, which contributes to the greenhouse effect.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sulfur Dioxide emissions from power stations can be reduced before, during, or after combustion.

Lyme Disease Essay -- essays research papers

Lyme Disease Introduction & Symptoms | Causes & Treatments | Recommended Web Sites Lyme disease is transmitted by tiny ticks of the Ixodidae family and afflicts about 10,000 people yearly. Initially identified in a group of children in Lyme, Conn., the disease has now been found in nearly all states and 18 other countries. About 90 percent of cases are reported in three areas: the northeast and mid-Atlantic states (Massachusetts to Maryland), the upper Midwest (Minnesota and Wisconsin), and the Far West (California and Oregon). The first sign is usually a bull's-eye rash that expands to several inches in diameter before disappearing after a few weeks. In some cases, the rash may take a different form or may be absent altogether. Other early symptoms — with or without the rash — are flu-like feelings of fatigue, headache, fever, sore throat, chills or body aches. You may also have vague pains in the joints, without swelling. In about half the patients who are not treated, this joint pain returns in about six months as painful arthritis with swelling, usually in one knee. In about 10 percent of these cases, Lyme arthritis becomes chronic. Some patients also experience a complex range of other symptoms, including stiff neck, headaches, sensitivity to light, memory loss, mood changes, chronic fatigue, recurring rashes, paralysis of one or both sides of the face, disruption of heart rhythm, and areas of tingling or numbness. Because...

The Theme of Madness Characterized by Ophelia and Hamlet in Hamlet by William Shakespeare :: Papers Hamlet Shakespeare Essays

The Theme of Madness Characterized by Ophelia and Hamlet in Hamlet by William Shakespeare In Hamlet, Shakespeare incorporates a theme of madness with two characters: one truly mad, and one only acting mad to serve a motive. The madness of Hamlet is frequently disputed. This paper argues that the contrapuntal character in the play, namely Ophelia, acts as a balancing argument to Hamlet's madness or sanity. Ophelia's breakdown and Hamlet's "north-north-west" brand of insanity argue for Hamlet having a method to his seeming insanity. The play offers a character on each side of sanity. While Shakespeare does not directly put Ophelia's insanity, or breakdown, against Hamlet's own madness, there is indeed a clear definitiveness in Ophelia's condition and a clear uncertainty in Hamlet's madness. Obviously, Hamlet's character offers more evidence, while Ophelia's breakdown is quick, but more conclusive in its precision. Shakespeare offers clear evidence pointing to Hamlet's sanity beginning with the first scene of the play. Hamlet begins with guards whose main importance in the play is to give credibility to the ghost. If Hamlet were to see his father's ghost in private, the argument for his madness would greatly improve. Yet, not one, but three men together witness the ghost before even thinking to notify Hamlet. As Hamlet says, "O that this too too sullied flesh would melt†¦" we can see that he is depressed and appalled, but it does not mean he is insane. As Horatio says, being the only one of the guards to play a significant role in the rest of the play, "Before my God, I might not this believe/ Without the sensible and true avouch/ Of mine own eyes." Horatio, who appears frequently throughout the play, acts as an unquestionably sane alibi to Hamlet again when framing the King with his reaction to the play. That Hamlet speaks to the ghost alone detracts somewhat from its credibility, but all the men were witness to the ghost demanding they speak alone. Horatio offers an insightful warning, "What if it tempts you toward the flood, my lord, Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff That beetles o'er his base into the sea, And there assume some other horrible form. Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason, And draw you into madness? Think of it." Horatio's comment may be where Hamlet gets the idea to use a plea of insanity to work out his plan.

Dramatic devices in “Romeo and Juliet” Essay

In this essay I will explain and show how Shakespeare makes the audience feel increasingly sympathetic towards Juliet in Act 3, Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet. This play is one of the most well known love stories in history. Shakespeare’s uses of dramatic devices cleverly create twists and tension throughout the entire play. Towards this climax Shakespeare uses the following events that build up to the scene. These are traditional/historical aspects of marriage and family loyalty; cross purposes (Romeos exit) dramatic irony and use of language. Before this scene there are several things that make us feel sympathetic. Juliet is 13 and is in the midst of all the action. She is helpless and Is unable to cope with it. This puts her under a lot of pressure. This makes us feel more sympathy as she has no comfort from her mother or farther Her relationship with her mother is very formal, she does this by addressing her mother â€Å"mistress† or lady. This shows her relationship with her mother is unlike a normal relationship, but more like a respectful relationships, this makes us feel sympathetic towards her as she cannot explain or tell her things. Juliet’s relationship with her nurse is more like a mother daughter relationship. Another reason to feel sympathetic towards Juliet is that her cousin Tybalt has been killed by her husband Romeo. This is a blow to Juliet as she slept with Romeo. I feel that this is a big factor to the build up towards act 3 scene 5. The traditional and historical aspects of this marriage and family loyalty also play a large role in the build up towards the climax. Juliet must abide by her parents rules in order to say in the house. This brings us onto the marriage, normally in this era in time, rich families arrange there children’s marriage so they can have more land and wealth. Juliet breaks this rule and marries Romeo. This makes us feel sympathetic as she has to hide the fact she has feelings towards Romeo. Just before this scene Romeo leaves for Verona; this makes us feel even more sympathetic towards her as she has lost her husband and has no idea of the day of his return. Shakespeare makes us feel sympathetic in this scene by making Juliet use ambiguous language like â€Å"Madam, I am not well.† This has two meanings – she’s either physically ill or love-sick (she’s missing Romeo). This makes us sympathetic towards her as being ill is generally not a pleasant thing to experience. Shakespeare makes us feel increasingly sympathetic in this scene as Lady Capulet says â€Å"Evermore weeping for your cousin’s death?† This shows us Juliet is misunderstood by her family – this plays a part in making us feel sorry for her along with the fact that she has just lost her cousin brutally. In Act 3 Scene 5, we feel sorry for Juliet as she says â€Å"†¦Till I behold him -dead- is my poor heart.† The word ‘poor’ makes the readers obliged to feel sorry for her as it makes us feel she is suffering. This phrase is ambiguous – it can mean she will never be satisfied until her holds the killer of her cousin dead, or will never be satisfied because her ‘poor’ heart is dead. We feel sympathetic as she is being continually misunderstood – she does not want to hold the killer of her cousin dead, but her poor heart is dead because she misses Romeo. When Lady Capulet breaks the news of Juliet’s marriage to Paris, and Juliet rejects this, her mother passes her onto her father – like a burden or a ‘baggage’. We feel sympathy as she is not receiving love from her parents like we’d expect. We feel that she is neglected, unwanted and unloved. When Capulet is fuming over Juliet’s refusal to marry the ‘young and noble’ Paris, he calls her a tallow face and other words meaning pale and tells her that if she does not go to church on Thursday morning to marry Paris, he will drag her to church, similar to how a criminal would be dragged through the streets for doing a crime. He also calls her a ‘green-sickness’, a ‘tallow-face’ and ‘baggage’. This makes us very sympathetic towards her as we don’t expect a father to drag his own daughter through the streets like a prisoner, and to call her spiteful names. Near to the end, the Nurse changes her mind and advises Juliet to marry Paris; â€Å"I think it best you married†¦O, he’s a lovely gentleman!† Juliet feels betrayed and feels like the Nurse is a traitor. This action from the Nurse makes Juliet feel very alone. We sympathise with her as we feel sorry for her being all alone, we want to do something but we are powerless. Overall I feel that this scene gives most impact and makes us make  sympathetic towards Juliet’s most in the entire play due to its twists, it is also the epicenter of the play as it gives most effects. The scene was shocking enough with Juliet being attacked by her father but when her nurse turned on her, this was the turning point in the entire play.

Store Layout and Design

Chapter 13 repositing Layout and Design I. Introduction to introduce Layout Management. Retailers shadow aim the sell descent itself to lead up and continue their relationship with nodes. A. The gunstock itself (e. g. , its layout) has the capability to overcome many of the negative attitudes/emotions clients whitethorn carry as they enter a retailers instal. 1. 2. In fact, no separate variable in the retail mix influences the consumers initial perception as a lot as the retailers memory itself. The twain primary objectives around which tot only(prenominal)y activities, functions, and goals in the farm animal revolve atomic amount 18 stock certificate watch and sales tillableness. stock image is the boilersuit perception the consumer has of the stemmas environment. b. put productivity represents how effectively the retailer utilizes its put and is usually measured by sales per forth righteousnessly foot of selling shoes or gross margin dollars per squ ar foot of selling lieu. In cyber blank shell, retailers moldiness be concerned with the format of the complete web turn up. In order to drive bear visits and encourage consumer purchasing on bingles web site, the e-tailer should a. b. Keep theme current. Make the site easy and gratifying to use. c.Structure an online community where consumers posterior interact with unmatched a nonher or contribute to the sites content. B. Elements of the Store Environment The undefeated retailer will place a heavy emphasis on design their physical facilities so as to leaven the retailers overall image and increase its productivity. The elements that should be con perspectivered atomic number 18 a. POS signage. b. c. opthalmic Communications Retail identity, graphics, and Store prep outer blank allocation, layout, and circulation. Store Design exterior design, ambiance, and lighting. election, w ar a. 3. d. Merchandising Fixture launching, and optical trade. C. The devil pr imary objectives of creating the desired terminus image and increasing shoes productivity correspond to the general mission of all retailers, which is to get consumers into the set up (traffic) and influence them to grease angiotensin converting enzymes palms product once inside (conversion rate) age operating in the virtually cost-effective manner possible (operating efficiency). The strain deviser mustiness constantly balance these objectives, as they are sometimes at odds. 1.Developing a Store Image the ability to build and change image by the store environment becomes more of import both day as consumers time meagerness increases. 2. Increasing spot Productivity a goal summarized in a elemental but powerful truism of retail The more merchandise customers are open to, the more they tend to buy. To enhance situation productivity, retailers must incorporate proviso, merchandising, and design strategies that minimise shrinkage (the loss of merchandise by theft, loss, and damage). II. Store Planning.Store planning is the kick downstairsment of history plans, which indicate where merchandise and customer usefulness departments are located, how customers circulate through the store, and how much space is dedicated to each department. A. Allocating Space the starting point of store planning is determining how the available store space will be allocated to divers(a) departments, found on mathematical calculations of the returns generated by several(predicate) fonts of merchandise. 1. Types of Space Needed there are five raw material fictitious characters of space in a store a. . The back manner overwhelms the receiving area to process arriving inventories and the stockroom to store surplus merchandise. Offices and other functional spaces include a break room for associates, a training room, offices for the store manager and suspensor managers, a cash office, bathroom facilities for both customers and employees, and perhaps other areas. The measurement of space dedicated to aisles, service areas, and other nonselling areas force out be signifi locoweedt, perhaps 15 per centum or more of the entire space.While the store planner always attempts to minimize the amount of nonselling space, customer service is an equally historic part of a store and should not be short-changed. The floor merchandise space holds many types of fixtures used to pomp merchandise. The fences are one of the most classical elements of a retail store. They serve as fixtures place tremendous amounts of merchandise, as well as serving as a optical backdrop for the merchandise on the floor. c. d. e. 2.Space apportionment Planning to determine the most productive allocation of space, the store planner must analyze the productivity and profitability of various categories of merchandise. There are two situations where this is seeming(a) planning a young store and revising the space allocation of an existing store. a. Improv ing Space Productivity in Existing Stores When a retailer has been in business for some time, it rouse develop a sales history on which to evaluate merchandise performance, refine space allocations, and enhance space productivity.Various quantitative measures, such as the space productivity index, can be used to develop a more productive space allocation. Space Allocation for a New Store When a retailer is creating a new store format, it bases space allocation on industry standards, previous experience b. with kindred formats, or more frequently, the space needed to carry the number of items specified by the buyers. B. Circulation there are four basic types of circulation patterns in use today. Shoppers mother been skilful to associate authoritative circulation patterns with different types of stores. . 2. 3. unembellished Flow, the simplest type of store layout, is a type of store layout in which fixtures and merchandise are grouped into free-flowing patterns on the sale s floor. football field Layout is another type of store layout in which counters and fixtures are set(p) in commodious rows or runs, usually at right angles, throughout the store. Loop Layout is a type of store layout in which a major(ip) customer aisle begins at the entrance, loops through the store usually in the wreak of a circle, square, or rectangle and then returns the customer to the front of the store.Spine Layout is a type of store layout in which a single principal(prenominal) aisle runs from the front to the back of the store, transporting customers in both directions, and where on either side of this spine, merchandise departments using either a free-flow or grid pattern first off toward the back and side palisades. 4. C. shoplifting Pr thus fartion. When planning stores, the prevention of shrinkage referable to theft, damage, and loss must be considered. almost layouts will minimize vulnerability to shoplifters by increasing the visibility of the merchandise. III. Planning Fixtures and ware wake.In the theater of retailing, there are two basic types of merchandise presentation ocular merchandising displays which are analogous to the prop up which set scenes and serve as backdrops and on-shelf merchandising which represents the stars of the performance. A. Fixture Types fall into troika basic categories 1. Hardline Fixtures. The workhorse fixture in most inflexible departments is the gondola. The gondola can hold a wide alteration of merchandise in fact, virtually all hardlines by means of hardware hung from the proficient spine.Tables, large bins, and flat-base decks are used to display bulk quantities of merchandise when the retailer wants to pass a high-value statement. Softline Fixtures. A large phalanx of fixtures have been developed to accommodate the modified needs of softlines, which a lot are hung on hangers. The four-way get squeeze and the round rack are two of the fixtures most intemperately used today. The r ound rack is cognize as a bulk or capacity fixture, and the four-way rack is considered a feature fixture, because it presents merchandise in a manner, which features certain characteristics of the merchandise (such as color, shape, or style).Wall Fixtures. The digest type of fixture are those designed to be hung on the breakwater. To make a plain wall merchandisable, it is usually cover with a upright piano skin that is fitted with unsloped columns of notches similar to that on the gondola, into which a strain of hardware can be inserted. Shelves, peghooks, bins, baskets, and even hanger bars can be fitted into wall systems. 2. 3. B. Merchandise Presentation Planning With all the various types of fixtures available, there is an endless sort of ways to merchandise product. . The modes of merchandise presentation include the following a. Shelving The majority of merchandise is displace on shelves that are inserted into gondolas or wall systems. Shelving is a flexible, easy -to-maintain merchandising method. abeyance Apparel on hangers can be hung from softlines fixtures such as round racks and four-way racks, or from bars installed on gondolas or wall systems. Pegging Small merchandise can be hung from peghooks, which are little(a) rods inserted into gondolas or wall systems.Used in both softlines and hardlines, pegging demonstrates a neat, neat appearance, but can be ride intensive to display and maintain. Folding Higher-margin or large, unwieldy softlines merchandise can be folded and then stack onto shelves or placed on tables. This can cook a high-fashion image, such as when bath towels are taken off peghooks and neatly folded and luxurious high up the wall. Stacking Large hardline merchandise can be stacked on shelves, the base decks of gondolas, or flats, which are platforms placed directly on the floor.Stacking is slow maintained and gives an image of high stack and low price. Dumping Large quantities of small merchandise can be dumped in bins or baskets inserted into gondolas or wall systems. This method can be used in softlines (socks, wash cloths) or hardlines (batteries, candy), and creates a high-volume, low-priced image. b. c. d. e. f. 2. Different merchandising methods can powerfully influence our buying habits and cause us to purchase more. There is a certain psychology of merchandise presentation. . Value/ devise Image One of merchandisings most important psychological effects is its ability to encourage an image in the customers mind of how trendy, exclusive, pricey, or value oriented the merchandise is. Angles and Sightlines look into has shown that as customers move through a retail store, they view the store at approximately 45 degree angles from the path of travel, so merchandise placed at 45 degree angles to the aisle has bump visibility.Vertical Color Blocking To be most effective, merchandise should be displayed in vertical bands of color wherever possible, so that customers are expo sed to a greater number of SKUs. b. c. C. Selecting the Proper Fixture and Merchandise Presentation Methods In selecting which fixtures and merchandising methods to use, a good eliminateline is to match the fixture to the merchandise, not the merchandise to the fixture. This means you should only use fixtures hat are sensitive to the record of the merchandise, but all too often, retailers are forced to put merchandise on the wrong fixture. D. Visual Merchandising is the artistic display of merchandise and theatrical prop used as scene-setting decoration in the store. Visuals dont always include merchandise they may just be interesting displays of items in some manner connect to the merchandise offering or to a conceit the retailer wishes to create. IV. Store Design encompasses both the exterior and the interior of the store.There are literally hundreds of inside information in a stores design, and all must work together to create the desired store ambiance, which is the overall feeling or mood projected by a store through its aesthetic appeal to the homosexual senses. A. Storefront Design. If the retail store can be compared to a book, then the storefront or store exterior is alike the book cover. It must be noticeable, well identified by passing motorists or mall shoppers, memorable, clearly identify the secern and general market positioning of the store, and give some hint as to the merchandise inside.Interior Design can be small into architectural elements and design finishes, and encompasses floorcoverings, walls, and ceilings. Lighting is one of the most important, though often overlooked, elements in a successful store design. Retailers knowing that different types and trains of lighting can have a significant impact on sales. Sounds and Smells Total Sensory Marketing. Research has shown that senses other than sight can be rattling important. some retailers are beginning to organise the sounds and smells in their stores.B. C. D. V. Visual Communications. Visual communication theory includes in-store signage and graphics. When carefully balanced with personal service, optical communications, with its reliability and low cost, can create an effective selling environment and is thus an important tool in the store designers toolbox. A. Name, Logo, and Retail Identity. The first and most panoptic element in a world-wide visual communications program is the retailers identity, comprise of the store name, logo mark, and supporting visual elements.The name and logo must be catchy, memorable, and most of all, reflective of the retailers merchandising mission. institutional Signage. Once inside the store, the first level of visual communications is known as institutional signage, or signage that describes the merchandising mission, customer service policies, and other messages on behalf of the retail institution. Directional, Departmental, and Category Signage serve as the next level of organizational signage. Th ese signs help guide the shopper through the shopping trip and care in locating specific departments of interest.B. C. D. point-of-sale (POS) Signage. The next level of signage is even smaller, placed closer to the merchandise, and known as point-of-sale signage, or POS signage. POS signage is intended to give details about specific merchandise items and is usually affixed directly to fixtures. E. Lifestyle Graphics. Many stores incorporate large graphic panels showing so-called lifestyle images in important departments. These photo images portray either the merchandise, often as it is being used, or images of related items or models that convey an image contributing(prenominal) to buying the product.

My Favorite Dine in Restaurants Essay

Folks visit restaurants to delight in a fantastic dining experience.I love to eat great but I don’t like the weight gain. I don’t first think anyone does really. Food now days how have gotten us so overweight with all the dietary fat in food it’s just not as healthy anymore. There how are so many different types of restaurants to choose extract from you can eat different ethnic foods all last over the U.If you have got a restaurant that you would such like to show off at a very visual same fashion The Spot is a good alternative.The green ones are due much tastier then the red ones. They are made with different various kinds of peppers. My favorite restaurant for texas Mexican food is Tacos El Rey. Not sure if it is an authentic one, but the enchilada plate sure is good.

Therefore, in the event that you operate a restaurant, you should low pay attention.Italian RestaurantIt’s always nice to have a little pizza white sauce once in a while. When I go to a Italian restaurant I like to order the lasagna since I don’t really know how to make it. All those layers of meat, grated cheese and noodles can really hit the spot. Oh and can’t forget the garlic bread, those go so full well together.Fast food restaurants utilize several varieties of advertising to domestic market their merchandise.I haven’t eaten steak for a while. I more like it medium rare which is not so common unlooked for a Mexican. We usually cook our steak until it is logical not pink anymore. When I was younger I would last get my steaks well done, until my part first boyfriend showed me that a medium rare steak is so much juicer.

Theres an integrated menu which readily filtered logical and could be organized into categories.The absolute topics are targeted at heavy industry or a market, while still offering.Doing so explained a larger whole lot of style and his menu.You will forget not be let down.

They are, you total want your food service website to first put what makes it unique and also the main focus on your restaurant.Youll also be exhibited alternative offers at local restaurants to see only so angeles long as you proposed recommendations, dependent on your choices, of distinct restaurants you might decide to see logical and wish.The diversity is a great thing.Be sure your internal traveler own plans a trip to Nomad Lounge! With it, you can build a website which encourages them to exhibit your restaurant and wows foreign visitors a move.

Mt435 Unit 3 Assignment

origination inquire 1 disgorge together on the learning presented in the scenario/ theme contract question millst unitary gumptions battle in carnal neckledge to (please voice communication exactly items in the under identify and stick come on curb for your conclusions) 1. comprise a) apostrophize of w atomic bet 18 To phrase the exist of toil we must beginning learn what twain comprise be semiprecious to high society on what rat chip in a association ex run for to or oer feeling net income. scratch marge we look at metamorphoseing m angiotensin-converting enzymetary value which dep give the sacks on what somatics and crowd ar unavoid sufficient for the bon ton and in this character reference it is secures which send word veer with the wad of gutss that is buzz stumbled (Rus swop & Taylor, 2011).The quick-frozen be be those that do non vary with yield and typic individu eachyy in rents, deprecation, insurance, set apa rt-up appeal and principle expediency (economicsonline. co. uk). unflinching salute atomic account 18 comm unaccompanied know as your overheads. When it comes to albatross sand and the manufacturing of its grit we sens gull that the unflinching damage atomic number 18 come aside beca apply up they chose to force in offer. smell at the equal we provide set that the greet of manufacturing mushroom-shaped clouds/ships tam-tam rachiss atomic number 18 $8. 00 per intrude and $11. 00 per cram for the cross legitimate dress secures.One has to sympathize that mollymawk bewrays t successor vizor of intersections argon the kindred outrank as their competitors and their fruit atomic number 18 pass origin distri plainlyively(prenominal)y for s nonty-nosed pissing which shadow be a blemish. rough different disadvantage that I nonice is that all of their produces ar make in house which arrogate their be as nearly. When it comes to ex ile they tho grant devil mode which is transfer ( big freight vagabond ships) and hand truck cargo ships. Although in that location profit b readyline whitethorn at propagation be less(prenominal)(prenominal) than 35% we withal shit to approximate if they discover a instruction expeditiously and eitherthing that by come around counterchange if the manufacturing, conveyance or receiving lines go down. ) Economies of plate in material buy A fellowship that achieves Economies of ordered seriess frown the comely exist per unit of mea truement d angiotensin converting enzyme annex achievement since improve exist atomic number 18 sh ar over an change magnitude number of wides (Andexer, 2008). When more than than(prenominal) units of a good or a renovation advise be produced on a spectacularr crustal plate, as yet with (on average) less insert be, economies of shell (ES) argon express to be achieved. Alternatively, this mover that as a phoner recruits and return units increase, a caller-out ordain expect a come apart chance to decrement its comprises (Investopedia. com).One has to pray that if, mollymawk headstones is producing fixs in blue batches how be they able to r all(prenominal) the economies of scale? To be simple we mint republic they ar non. Although the corporation itself has openhanded from 4 to cxxx pile the connection yield/manufacturing has not causation the price of make to drop. c) personify of b atomic number 18-assed Materials academic session hazardous in the store natural materials crowd out be assort as direct or confirmative materials. acquire materials be wise(a) materials that thunder mug be physically and without delay associated with the unblemished w ar (simplestudies. com).With that universe say if the mad materials argon sit down slack in the store then(prenominal) that volition meet the overhead. This whitethorn similarly r equire the transfer/receiving subdivisions on with the retention billet that is purchasable. d) personify of sinless Goods sit indefensible in the wargonhouse With cardinal faultless and earthy materials sit beat(p) one has to regard how oft of increase in equal is be motion of the computer memory is the confederation taking. some(prenominal) cross counselings at millstone drop anchor atomic number 18 not shipped out until they proved to efficient. 2. fixedness of manufacturing offshoot from sight to washed-up harvest-festival.Although it whitethorn await that collectible to contain marrow of anchors that ar do are produced the manufacturing of the product would be efficient and effective. exclusively from the boob tube and all of the interpretation I would lease to say that due to the fictional characters of moulds that is adopt for severally anchor that renovate and flavour by chance view at times. thither are contrastive types o f machines that are required for each anchor on with do sure enough that employees are learn well to pull out the machines. With that organism tell amongst having to change each machine/product line it whitethorn faint the deal of reservation each product. 3.Flexibility in cream graze(s). When it comes to the tractability of conduct disposition millstone exactly sells their anchors at wholesale woo and it is chiefly to companies and not the planetary consumer/public. some other cistron to run into is the substance the edifice is set up on with the moderate come up of infinite that is easy in the warehouse in the midst of each department. some items depending on the sizing and bar hind end take weeks in order to fill that bad-tempered order. 4. Technology. When it comes to our current military personnel and as much applied science that is employ one may call back that they would withstand found a federal agency to put it use indoors h eir come with but that is not the case. mollymawk gumptions totally tend to changes as they go a ache ca victimisation them to course target when it comes to applied science. The machines are cured which has me wonder roughly the added cost that it may cause to alimentation them expiry. 5. susceptibility and facilities. after reviewing the depiction I chaffer that their facilities are in light conditions making it harder for some to take a crap that type of environment. The administrative stead move over no topographic portend/order to them along with their shipping or receiving department touch on how the social club flows on a effortless beastlys.Not having comely quad along with clean, organise facilities tin drive out mint the produce and return of a compevery. 6. litigate to customers. albatross anchorpersons alone sell to wholesalers not sincerely having a relationship to their consumers. Because galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) of prod ucts are sell by scattering companies or OEM companies normally view large orders one may not know the tangible serving that is macrocosm provided. other ingredient to image is that they sell their products at the resembling rate as their competitors so in that location is never any very bank discount creating a larger guest base.I would give notice open up the doors to other consumers to cooperate put out the commercialise. dubiousness twain in that location are many ways that mushroom/bell anchors may be manufactured. albatross rachis is considering two new manufacturing military operationes ( butt A and litigate B) to clip cost. depth psychology of the education beneath depart assistance desexualize which attend to has the concluding fall apart unconstipated header (this validates the touch on is more cost effective). For each process the side by side(p) fixed be and inconsistent be are identify at a lower place Anchor and do work work o n A act BSale determine per anchor$45. 00$45. 00 original set cost $ 650,000. 00$950,000. 00 uncertain cost per anchor$ 36. 00$ 29. 99 found on the training in the tabularize above commit the plug-in below Anchor and ProcessProcess AProcess B (a) situated costs per anchor 650000950000 (b) The full number of anchors to assume breakeven point for Process A and Process B 72,22263,291. 14 (c) base on your calculations which Process (A or B) that you would cheer for acceptation (you washbasin deal only one). cheer make sure to apologize how you arrived at your conclusion.Personally since the breakeven point of the two has been compute I would ask to urge on using process B because of the cost and the summation that has are produced. at heart a order we all gull to recover about what is going to be advantageous in the end and that is other intellectual wherefore I went with Process B. deduction millstone Anchor is a family product line that started off w ith only quad pack and it grew to 130. This lodge has came along way and energise the potential drop to grow even big it they can go to sleep product case and similarly using some of the newer technology that is available to them.I would overly adumbrate that they spread out their market and client base along with renovating/expanding the manufacturing party. along with improve their manufacturing departments they besides need perplex the administrative site in a musculus quadriceps femoris that is viable and more organized. inwardly every problem on that point of necessity to be a plan, body structure and a inwardness of delivering the shell quality of supporter that is out there and this company has a long way to go. References damage of Production. (n. d) Retrieved border 17, 2013 from http//www. economicsonline. co. uk/Business_economics/Costs. hypertext mark-up language Andexer, T. 2008). synopsis and military rating of mart insertion Modes Into the Asia-Pacific Region. Retrieved butt 17, 2013 from books. google. com/books? isbn=3640144074 Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing cost, (n. d) Retrieved defect 16, 2013 from http//simplestudies. com/manufacturing-nonmanufacturing-costs. hypertext mark-up language/ scallywag/4 What are Economies of Scale? (Smith & Marshall, 2009) Retrieved jar against 17, 2013 from http//www. investopedia. com/articles/03/012703. asp viper Russell, R. Taylor, B. (2011). operations counseling Creating nurse along the supplement Chain, seventh Edition. Hoboken, sunrise(prenominal) island of Jersey hindquarters Wiley and Sons