Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return Assignment

Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return - Assignment Example Table 1 demonstrates the money inflow expected to be produced and the money outpouring expected to be brought about should the proposed development be embraced. During the primary year, the organization will cause costs to fund the acquisition of the new plant and hardware costing 5,000,000. It is accepted that this sum will be a one time cost completely brought about during the principal year. This report additionally perceived the need to perceive the interest in innovative work previously brought about by the organization. The method of reasoning behind this is to completely and sufficiently assess the gainfulness of the venture. It ought to be noticed that so as to think of an appropriate valuation, the organization should represent all the incomes and costs produced by the undertaking. Along these lines, it is comprehensive of the considerable number of costs acquired to get the venture activity. Innovative work cost of 900,000 ought to be represented in light of the fact that without it, the extension will be difficult to seek after. During 2005, the measure of 1,800,000 to cover extra working capital costs is additionally remembered for the money expense required. Nonetheless, the board likewise anticipates that following five years, this sum will be opened up and can be promptly utilized by different tasks. Accordingly, Table 1 additionally shows that during 2005, the organization will require 1,800,000 while this sum will be accessible during 2010. On account of the overhead costs, this report chose to utilize the 300,000 for every annum as evaluated by the undertaking advancement group consultant. This is considered fitting as apportioning half of the wages is only a gauge. It ought to likewise be noticed that devaluation cost won't be remembered for the calculation of the NPV in light of the fact that income isn't straightforwardly influenced by the record. As assessments and expansion are barred in the investigation, charge shield from devaluation won't be thought of. The calculation for NPV is appeared in Table 2. Since the organization is utilizing 14% as the necessary pace of return for the extension, the incomes are limited at a similar rate. As indicated by the calculation in Table 2, the NPV of the development utilizing 14% expense of capital is (403.47). Table 2. Limited Cash Flow and NPV for Expansion (2005-2010, in thousand) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 All out Inflow/(Outflow) (8500) 2,040 1,940 2,140 2,140 3,940 Present Value Factor (14%) 1.0000 0.8722 0.7695 0.6750 0.5921 0.5194 Present Value (8500) 1789.4 1492.8 1444.5 1267.0 2046.4 NET PRESE NT VALUE (403.47) Inward Rate of Return The inward pace of return is the expense of capital which likens the net present estimation of all income to zero. The IRR can be figured by computing the NPV at various financing costs. Using this strategy, we think of Figure 1 which shows that IRR is roughly 12%. Figure 1 . NPV at Different Cost of Capital Question 2. Set up a casual report for the Board of

The Theoretician and the Experimenter - Eugenics and Francis Galton Essay

The Theoretician and the Experimenter - Eugenics and Francis Galton - Essay Example He attempted to apply this idea in getting heredity and later on prospect of controlling it to increase social objectives. What's more, the essential reason of his hypothesis was that the earth of a person had no effect on his character or insight (Cowan, 516). Imprints has portrayed Eugenics as an endeavor to decipher, â€Å"cultural history in essential organic terms† (650). Galton’s thought is additionally clarified by Marks by presenting Galton’s conviction that â€Å"cultural ‘progress’ was driven chiefly by the birth pace of masters paying little heed to some other social processes† (650). Somewhere in the range of 1910 and 1930, Eugenics had overwhelmed all examination works and convictions in the field of hereditary qualities and science yet after this period, the whole idea was addressed and nearly disposed of (Marks, 650). Galton had conceptualized Eugenics as the study of developing â€Å"better men and women,† on the comparable lines of developing â€Å"better plants and animals† (Farrall, 111). Farrall has seen that for Galton, Eugenics was â€Å"the premise of a logical religion, which could prompt the Utopian circumstance where issues, for example, liquor abuse, culpability, sickness and destitution had disappeared† (111). Galton felt that once he could discover the specific manners by which insight and conduct attributes transmitted from guardians to youngsters, such social building will be made conceivable. The inspiration for Galton to create Eugenics was a conviction that â€Å"statistics would take care of the issue of heredity and that heredity, when comprehended, could be utilized to determine the political and social settings that plague the race of men† (Cowan, 510). In this way Galton needed to make a â€Å"perfect Eugenic state† (Cowan, 510). The principal question that he began with, was, â€Å"can exceptional scholarly endowments be inherited?† (Cowan, 510). He began his work by â€Å"counting the quantity of men recorded in a true to life word reference who were family members of another person on the list† and afterward dependent on this, he distributed the book, â€Å"Hereditary Talent and Character†.â â

Essay Topics For Government Class

Essay Topics For Government ClassIt is very difficult to know where to start when it comes to essay topics for government class. This is because it is a very difficult subject for you to write about as most of the subjects in this course are not applicable to your major.Therefore, one should try to write about your personal problems, achievements and what motivates you. By doing this, you will be able to write a clear and concise essay that will most likely be accepted by the teacher who will then use it as a basis for grading the paper.If you do not have any topics that suit you, you should consider using research. Researching does not mean that you research on a single topic. Rather, you should use the research topics as a guide to help you write your paper effectively.When you do research for essay topics for government class, you should include the concept that if you are going to research something, you must organize it first. You should consider writing a review of your subject first. This will allow you to be organized and focused when you write the essay.You should also remember that essays should address important issues. Therefore, it is essential that you use the issues that are important to you to start off with.One of the topics you should consider researching for essay topics for government class is what is the greatest problem the country faces today. This will be an effective way to start off your essay as it will provide you with a focus for your paper. However, you should keep in mind that the essay must have relevance to the content and if you do not address the same issue in your essay, it will be impossible for you to persuade the teacher that your topic is relevant.The second topic, you should consider researching is what is the way for you to solve the real world problem that you have encountered? In order to do this, you should reflect on the circumstances you have faced that are relevant to your topic.These are some of the topics you sh ould research when you are planning to write essays for essay topics for government class. By studying these topics, you will be able to write an effective essay that will get you the acceptance you want from the teacher who will in turn grade the paper.

Analysis Of Genesis Healthcare Inc. - 1425 Words

Genesis Healthcare Inc. Description Long-term care maximizes the quality of life for patients and the standard of quality of care by promoting independence for people, usually the elderly, by restoring the patients optimal functioning. LTC focuses on a variety of services, which includes continuity of care, manage chronic conditions and maintenance of physical function. Care that either takes place at a facility or at home to help a patient manage, monitor and recover from morbidity is an illustration of post-acute care, which amplifies continuity of care. Managing chronic conditions is an extension of continuity of care in order to prevent comorbidity, which is the combination of health problems. Rehabilitation helps patients regain and improve former activities of daily living to restore physical function. Genesis Healthcare Inc. is a not for profit organization, who provides quality of care and quality of life for members of the community. Genesis Healthcare Inc. displays all three variety of services for their pati ents. They have extensive care services to help patients heal from serious illness or life transitions. They manage chronic conditions, like dementia, which is an irreversible decline in cognition, thinking and memory. In addition, they offer rehabilitation therapy, such as physical therapy to a stroke victim, or revital care for patients with arthritis, which increases different treatment plans for pain. Genesis Healthcare wants to be a caring bridge betweenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Genesis And Its Impact On The Core Markets1625 Words   |  7 Pagesare downsizing slightly in the short-term really to allow us greater strategic focus in our core markets.† Per this statement, Genesis is starting to understand large scale ambition. Depending on how much or how little a company has of these attributes defines what stage a company is competing on. There are 5 stages; analytically impaired, localized analytics, analytical aspirations, analytical companies, and analytical competitors (Davenport Harris, 2007). The above statement, and statementRead MoreComputerize Medical Insurance System10020 Words   |  41 Pageshave seen remarkable technological advance in computing, with computer spreading over in usage to various areas of life. The enunciation of a new era in computing as regards to health care has emerged to play a prominent role in the delivery of healthcare. The application and use of machines and computer-based technologies in health care have undergone an evolutionary process. Advance in information, telecommunication, and network technologies have led to the emergence of a revolutionary new wayRead MoreEffect of Matherial Weaknesses on Stock Exchange Market11608 Words   |  47 PagesBusiness Administration TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Background Information. 3 1.2 Objectives of the Research. 3 1.2 Research Questions. 4 1.3 Methods. 4 2. SARBANES OXLEY ACT 5 2.1 What is the â€Å"Sarbanes Oxley Act†? 5 2.2 SOX genesis. 5 2.2.1 Toward the SOX. 5 2.2.2 The development of SOX bill. 6 2.3 Structure and contents of Sarbanes Oxley Act. 8 2.3.1 - 100s Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. 8 2.3.2 - 200s Auditor Independence. 8 2.3.3 – 300s Behavior andRead MoreRise and Fall of Lehman Brothers11214 Words   |  45 Pagessimultaneously propagated to other countries. The first section of the project will deal with the historical background of Lehman Brothers and the economic climate that prevailed in the years preceding the crisis followed by a detailed description of the genesis and development of the crisis. The next section gives an insight into the causes that led to the collapse of Lehman Brothers. The project will conclude by explaining the magnitude of the crisis and impact the fall of Lehman Brothers had all over theRead MoreWhat Are The Principles Of Enviromental Health3528 Words   |  15 Pagesto visualize a better life, it generates limitless options thus making self-perseverance inevitable. My recommendation is very simple, do as our four fathers did before us, in all things seek God first and all shall be added to you. As Christian healthcare providers, we must learn to seek God to be present in our endeavors and practice our faith actively. We must learn to teach our brothers and sisters that we are not just knowledgeable of how t o solve problems (e.g. clean water, better schools, andRead MorePunchtab Inc10225 Words   |  41 PagesFor the exclusive use of M. Johnston 9-812-033 OCTOBER 19, 2011 RAMANA NANDA WILLIAM R. KERR LAUREN BARLEY PunchTab, Inc. It was February 2011, and Ranjith Kumaran, cofounder of Menlo Park, California-based startup PunchTab, Inc., smiled as he recalled the recent online New York Post article â€Å"$150,000 A Dream.† The article illustrated the entrepreneur-friendly nature of the current financing environment and the creativity investors were using to gain access to early-stage companies. (See ExhibitRead MoreCorporation (Fisch) Outline Penn Law Essay62808 Words   |  252 Pagestheir relationship does not control. Why not? ââ€" ª Agency relationship may not exist even when parties have not formally agreed to one ââ€" ª Consent requirement of o Jenson Farms Co. v. Cargill, Inc. (Minn. 1981) parties’ conceptions do not control ââ€" ª Facts: Cargill finances Warren Seed Grain Co. through loans, and Warren Seed buys grain from farmers and passes it on to other parties, including Cargill. Proceeds from Warren’s salesRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesCase Studies C-1 INTRODUCTION Preparing an effective case analysis C-3 CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 CASE 4 CASE 5 CASE 6 CASE 7 ABB in China, 1998 C-16 Ansett Airlines and Air New Zealand: A flight to oblivion? C-31 BP–Mobil and the restructuring of the oil refining industry C-44 Compaq in crisis C-67 Gillette and the men’s wet-shaving market C-76 Incat Tasmania’s race for international success: Blue Riband strategies C-95 Kiwi Travel International Airlines Ltd C-105 CASE 8 Beefing up the beeflessRead MoreThe Approach to Talent Management at Standard Chartered Bank7894 Words   |  32 PagesFew companies are strategic about what they measure Most of the talent analytics focus on what has happened in the past or how they are doing operationally. Companies systematically track traditional HR metrics like total turnover or benefit and healthcare expenses. A strategic evaluation system has to focus on the effectiveness of a talent management program. According to Hewitt (2008) only 10% of the surveyed companies use metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of workforce management practices consistentlyRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesPROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means

The And Preservation Of Memory - 2665 Words

The impetus of this project came from the need that the three most common forms of degenerative conditions often suffer from a lack of centralized care. Often when a patient becomes diagnosed they are sent to a hospital campus, or multiple locations, in order to receive treatment. With these various outlet for treatment no one space can answer the design needs of this unique patient group. Each group has its own design challenges, however they do share many common threads that can be addressed with the language of design. The overarching issues and solutions will be addressed, however the main concept of the project is connection and preservation of memory, though the narrative of light and tactility. Once the memory begins to fade the quality of life for the patient begins to fade exponentially. Various design elements will create a vehicle for connections to memories as well as easy accessibility to the various departments though communal points. This will allow for the patient a nd the family to be able to navigate the various departments and spaces in a calm and relaxing way. There are multiple types of degenerative conditions that exist in the world today. These are typically identified by a condition that get worse over time. There are four that will be discussed in this paper; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Each varies in what the symptoms are and how they are treated. There are some common components that eachShow MoreRelatedThe Preservation Of Memories And Grieving Process1341 Words   |  6 PagesIn Anne Carson’s Nox, the preservation of memories and grieving process are shown by formatting and themes of imagery, encapsulation, isolation, and completion. Upon first impression, Nox’s pages look photocopied, but real enough that the pages feel three-dimensional, as though there’s a residue from the author lingering on the pages. Her brother’s death prompts Carson to act as his historian and detail his life through different media. Carson compiles images from different sources, includingRead MoreThe Preservation Of The Confederate Memory Lives On Through The Robert E. Lee Memorial Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesThe Preservation of the Confederate Memory lives on through the Robert E. Lee memorial in Richmond. Many historians have written about the monument of Robert E. Lee and his importance to the preservation of Confederate Memory. But, recently a major debate surrounding the monument has spurred an argument between two groups. One group wants the monument to be removed or relocated from its original spot in Richmond V.A. This group believes that it is an offensive symbol in support of slavery. The otherRead MoreThe Body Theory1247 Words   |  5 Pages The personal identity problem is a philosophical conundrum that asks the question, what makes someone the same over time, or what characterizes the preservation of one’s identity? The term identity does not refer to the type of sameness identical twins have, or quantitative identity, but rather refers to numerical identity, that is for X and Y to be identical, everything possessed by X must also be possessed by Y (Leibniz’s Law). With this in mind, one might say they have the same body as they didRead MoreGerman History Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesMost would agree that it is valuable to acknowledge history, whether it be through documentation, education, or architectural preservation. However, history can be complex and ugly, stained by war, genocide, and destruction. Therein lies a philosophical controversy: should these historical â€Å"stains† be acknowledged or buried? What role do these ugly histories have in the development of a society? Within the last century, no nation has been forced to confront these questions on the same scale thatRead MoreEssay on What ´s Historic Preservation?1026 Words   |  5 Pageslearned about historic preservation in the first two units of the course. Why did that topic stand out over the others? There have been several things that I have found to be quite interesting in the first two units of this class. The topic of historic preservation and its history are very interesting, and I enjoy learning about every aspect of the profession. However, the topic which I find to be the most interesting is the schools of thought surrounding the field of preservation, and the ways in whichRead MoreHistorical Preservation Of Historic Buildings Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pagesand importance. The preservation of historic buildings is extremely important because it is beneficial to a community. Michelle Metro-Roland, the author of the article discussed, is in favor of the creative preservation of urban environments which she calls â€Å"Architexturality†. Architexturality is a play on architecture and texture. The author says that it â€Å"builds on the ways in which cities have developed organically with a mix of styles and uses prior to the rise of preservation and calls for creati veRead MorePenn Station Preservation Battle1045 Words   |  4 Pagescharacterized as either bastions of reason and good taste or hopelessly outdated relics who really ought to get out of the way and let the rest of us move ahead.† This theory can be related to the Penn Station 1963 Preservation battle, which is considered as the founding event of historic preservation battles in NYC. In the end, the proponents of progress won the argument; in 1963, the three year demolition project of this historical site began. However, both sides of this progress vs. tradition argumentRead MoreWhat Memories Tell About Truth997 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Memories Tell About Truth It is a common belief that memories are important, but why is that so? Is it because memory can be a marker for a person’s level of intelligence or does it have to do with the effect memory has on person? Memory can be thought of as a recollection of an event that has been pieced together from information by the mind. These collections of memories that a person possesses are what define their identity, assist in future decision making based on past experiences, andRead MoreAmnesia1074 Words   |  5 PagesA. Evaluate evidence that non-declarative long-term memory is preserved in amnesia. Amnesic patients tend to suffer from permanent or temporal, normally partial or total loss of episodic memory and an impaired capacity to form and store new memories. On the other hand, they seem to demonstrate unimpaired performance of behaviours involving prior experiences on tests which do not require any intentional or conscious recollection of those experiences (Schacter, 1992). Hence, most amnesic patientsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Poem, I Died For Beauty But Was Scarce876 Words   |  4 PagesPermanent Death One of the many goals of humanity is to live indefinitely and if this is not possible to be remembered to keep the memory of one’s self alive. Shakespeare preservation fantasy is just one way of attempting immortality. The article by Kunin which is summarized below discusses the idea of preservation through poetry where the subject or the author are made immortal by the poems never ending life. Emily Dickinson poem â€Å"I died for beauty—but was scarce.† Entertains the idea that poems

Socialist Realism, The Cherished Genre Of The Stalin Era

Socialist Realism, the cherished genre of the Stalin era which brought random bits of musical joy to everyday Soviet life. During this period, only a select few films would get the pass for creation. This created a limited but precise pool of films that depict the ideals of the time. For a film to be considered of the Socialist Realist genre, a few key points should be displayed throughout the film. First, the characters must carry the philosophy of viewing their past and Russia’s past not just from where they stand now but from the certain gains of the future. For a Socialist Realist, the past is lower and less developed, thus there is a sense of ignorantly blind positivity in the character’s mindset on how they perceive the future. The†¦show more content†¦The choice of a Socialist Realist film being set in a circus is ideal. Characters interacting within a circus can create a beautifully condensed rendition of a society and how it should be functioning. As S alys states in the book, The Musical Comedy Films of Grigorii Aleksandrov: Laughing Matters, â€Å"The circus as a metaphor/ microcosm of the world has a long pedigree in cinema†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2009, p. 169). This might be why Circus was so successful during its release. The circus setting frames the tragedies that fall upon the characters with seamless light-hearted and slap-stick humor. Socialist Realism requires characters and viewers to stay positive in the face of adversity by always seeking the future. Everyday settings cannot give a constant positive cushion. In addition, a circus setting provides an excuse for directors to incorporate over the top acting, effects, and scenes that are needed to simulate the future ideal of the Communist utopia. The references of a Communist utopia in Circus are easy to disregard as general fantasy plot ideas because a circus is already a makeshift form of utopia from the outside world. Which proves the Socialist Realist idea of subtle integra tion of the ideal future of Communist life. During the creation of Circus, the directors knew that a utopian vision was crucial and that during their modern day the â€Å"†¦environment, saturated with energy and optimism, plays a large role. Every detail of the film, even one that isShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagespoints both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late

International Challenges for Manager-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Describe the international challanges and possible oppotunities for manager operating in global environment of australian callen bat manufacturer which have faced challanges internationally. Answer: Introduction This report will provide a real-life example of an organization that has been facing issues when it comes to global expansion in international markets. The assessment will highlight the problems managers face while expanding their business to overseas market. Callen Cricket is the organization selected for evaluating the issue as it has been in the news for quite a long time. They are trying to export their products to foreign markets in India and they have been facing entry barriers. In the year of 1981, the organization started as Ian Callen Sports, however, Ian sold the business to focus on developing bats in three ranges. These products included the K-IX, Aussie Boomah and MX. The organization has been in business for the last 35 years and has been through lots of phases (Callen Cricket, 2017). The organization has aimed at maintaining a sustainable business as their business is resources dependent. The bats are handmade and are crafted form the finest English willow available in the global market. Willow Blue cricket forestry in Australia has been managed by Callen and the timber for making the bats are grown here. A.C MacLaren, one of the greatest cricketer of his time sourced the Willow Blue in 1902 and had given it to Bob Crockett, the Australian umpire. Crockett planted the cutting and made bats out of this willow till 1968 (Callen Cricket, 2017).This business has been reinvented by Callen and has been successful in re-establishing the business in the year of 1990. Challenges faced by global managers The macro environment for each of the countries are different and while making an expansion it has to be kept in mid that there are certain barriers to entry that an organization has to face in order to make their business feasible in a foreign market. Pestle analysis is a tool which would give a detailed analysis of the macro environment of the business environment. This would include identification of the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Ecological environment of the target market. Thus, environmental concerns, business ethics, capital market and cost fluctuations are the general issues faced by the managers in the global environment. It is essential to identify the impact of the products on the environment of the host country so that it does not have any hidden impact on the society and the corresponding environment. Business ethics has become on the essential practice in global environment where the organizations will have to be transparent about their business activities (Collings, 2014). Thus, the standards of these parties are not the same in all of the countries and so many companies going global faces problems in the target market. Stability of capital market for making expansion in foreign country as it has direct impact on the economy. When there is instability in the capital there will be fluctuation in costs which will increase the cost structure of the organization on the host nation. Cross cultural diversity is another big challenge because of the differences in culture and language in the host country (Karadjova-Stoev Mujtaba, 2016). Thus, it is difficult to communicate with the subordinates in overseas markets. Moreover, the organizational culture and the national culture will be different which will be difficult for the foreign investor to adapt. Pestle analysis of India Political Economic Social strong political environment stability GDP is high Inflation rate and taxation policies are liberal High growth rate Diversity in population One of the largest population Cricket is the most popular sports in the country Technological Legal Environmental Technologically advanced Focus on research and development There are cretin legal restrictions in terms of import and export Time consuming due to the hierarchical system Environmentally damaged and lots of concerns form the government Increase in pollution metropolitan cities String initiatives taken to protect the environment and keep the country clean The general population is reluctant of taking environmental protection measures Table 1 Source: As created by author Issue in this scenario This show that out of these six factors, legal and environmental challenges could cause issues for the organizations entering in to global market. The same thing has happened to Callen Cricket, due to the environmental concerns in the country, the government is taking its time and delaying the entry of Australian organization in to the market. As most of willow is generally is imported from United Kingdom, there is an ambiguity in understanding the components of the willow and whether it consist of any biohazards or not. Even though the Callen has been able to form partnership with the local bat manufacturing company in India named BAS (Beat all sports), they are unable to proceed with the dealings unless there is a green signal from the Indian government (ABC News, 2017). This shows that environmental concerns are a major issue in the global market which be understood from the fact it is taking long time for the organization to get clearance from the agriculture officers. They are s till evaluating the product for pest risk which shows the high degree of environmental concerns for Callen Cricket. Callen Cricket will have to keep on waiting for the approval of the government until there is positive feedback and gain clearance. This would increase their cost structure as they inventory they have created cannot be exported to India and will hamper the liquidity of the organization (ABC News, 2017). Thus, if the wait time keeps of increasing the organization will incur losses that will be tough to recover. Moreover, with further delay in the market the organization will be facing issues in competing with the other rival companies. The current market conditions are apt for an expansion but fluctuations in the market economy will increase the setting up cost for Callen cricket. Mitigation techniques Red-taping is an issue that the HR of any organization faces while they are directly coordinating with government while expansion. Cutting red tape is a priority for businesses as well as the citizens, who are complaining about devoting huge amount of time and resources to the related activities. The only way this red tape issue can be removed is with the help of complete government effort (Piekkari, Welch Welch, 2014). The management and HR personnel cannot evade it totally, but they can at least attempt at reducing the impact it has by improving their own organizational processes. The first thing that the management can do is go completely electronic. Manual record keeping is prone to mistakes, making going electronic a good consideration. Many software is there that can be used for keeping all employee documents together for better access, editing and getting generated at the click of a button (Adekola Sergi, 2016). There is special software for different government forms. It is important that companies learn about these to make sure all the employees contributions are recorded accordingly. Keeping all documents organized and in digital files, it would be easier to access them, edit, correct and submit to government agencies. The issue of every employee not approaching the HR regarding updating their information while needed exists in all organizations. It is the responsibility of the organization to be proactive in such cases and stop future government run-arounds because of wrong or not updated information (Al Ariss, 2014). Campaigns must be held to make sure all employees update their details each month. This would be keeping all the files up to date. It would be great if there is an online portal for the employees to view and edit their information anytime. While government documents get submitted, it would be great for the organizations if they submit at the branch where they signed up for. Generally, a single person can be given this responsibility (McFarlin Sweeney, 2014). This would be helpful in building a personal relationship between the two parties. Simultaneously it would improve the chances of the organization to be given priority in the government processes. Organizations often get better equipped if they are securely backing up all records of their transactions. This would be including not just the documents and the receipts but even timestamps of the transactions. This would make sure that the organization would be having proof for showing if anything goes wrong. Organizations face the issue of lack in transparency. There is actually no way of gaining insight into the inner workings. However, it would be helpful if regular communication happens across all levels. One more way would be if the employees focus of being agile within their own role (Ardanaz et al., 2017). Accepting change in a graceful and calm way would be easier than facing the brunt of the senior management. Multiple rules must be frustrating, but they are there for a reason. It would be helpful if they are accepted and implemented to comprehend the reason for their existence and use those in own favour. Governments have attempted a lot in cutting red tape, creating administrative regulations more cost effective and reducing administrative burden from activities. But the attention has shifted to removal of barriers of trade, entrepreneurship and investment. Administrative burdens have become a key variable in competitiveness. In such situation cutting red tape has become just a part of a range of policies that are designed for bettering performance and productivity (Doh, Luthans Slocum, 2016). Thus, it can be understood that complete stop to regulations cannot be a good option. The answer lies in adoption of rigid regulatory quality programs for creating rules for meeting quality standards. International expansion theories International expansion theory on the entry strategy and structure of the organization. The basic structure used for entry in the foreign market is alliance, joint venture, merger, acquisition, wholly owned subsidiaries, export and imports, licensing and franchising. The easiest way of getting in to international market is import and export of goods because it requires minimum investment (Davidson et al., 2017). However, the biggest disadvantage of these strategy is the rules and regulation of the foreign nation which will cause hindrance for entering in to the market. Subsidiaries in the foreign market is another option which is used as an expansion strategy as it avoids the cost of transaction, has high efficiency in managerial aspect, full control of the subsidiary and generation of heavy profits. However, there is high risk involved in this strategy and will not be efficient if multiple foreign expansion is required. Mergers and acquisitions are ways of expanding the business res ources in a fast way and can generate high profit products very easily in a market. However, the cultural differences of the organization are a key factor which may cause problem for the new organization formed (McFarlin Sweeney, 2014). Moreover, transactions costs and time constraints are typical problems in a merger which most companies will have to face. Thus, gaining synergy is strategy and structure is tough task where there is huge cultural difference in organizations. Joint venture is another entry scheme which allows two organizations to control a particular business or project. Alliance is a similar ting which refers to any type of cooperation among different companies. This would improve the operational efficiency of the organization and will gain knowledge about the local customers in the market. however, there may be disagreement between the parties and their goals may be different. Personal view It can be said from the personal point of view that Callen Cricket should have taken preparation regarding the challenges they can face in the Indian market. The legal and the environmental aspect of the country would be a problem can be seen form the macro environmental analysis. Thus, even though importing of goods require minimum investment, the delay has caused major loss for the organization. Moreover, it is essential to select a partner that has command over the local market and the organization is facing issued because BAS does not have good holdings in the market to influence the speeding of the legal procedures. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded from report that Callen Cricket should have identified the key issues before entering the market for avoiding all these hindrances. The organization has only few options in hand, they can either find a different market to sell their products or gather a certificate which states that their products are free of any hazardous material. Otherwise, they will have to wait for the government to give them the permit to export their products in Indian Market References ABC News. (2017).India's red tape still blocking ex-cricketer's play for willow market.ABC News. Retrieved 15 December 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-17/india-still-blocking-aussie-willow-exports/7912026 Adekola, A., Sergi, B. S. (2016).Global business management: A cross-cultural perspective. Routledge. Al Ariss, A. (Ed.). (2014).Global talent management: Challenges, strategies, and opportunities. Springer Science Business. Ardanaz, F., Al-Rawi, A., Livingston, K., Keceli, F., Maiterth, M., Jana, S. (2017, August). Global Extensible Open Power Manager: A Vehicle for HPC Community Collaboration on Co-Designed Energy Management Solutions. InHigh Performance Computing: 32nd International Conference, ISC High Performance 2017, Frankfurt, Germany, June 18-22, 2017, Proceedings(Vol. 10266, p. 394). Springer. Callen Cricket. (2017).Callen Cricket.Callen Cricket. Retrieved 15 December 2017, from https://www.callencricket.com.au/ Collings, D. G. (2014). Integrating global mobility and global talent management: Exploring the challenges and strategic opportunities.Journal of World Business,49(2), 253-261. Davidson, S., Davidson, S., Ding, W., Ding, W., Marshall, A. and Marshall, A., 2017. How Chinese executives view economic challenges and global opportunities.Strategy Leadership,45(3), pp.30-37. Doh, J. P., Luthans, F., Slocum, J. (2016). The world of global business 19652015: Perspectives on the 50th anniversary issue of the Journal of World Business: Introduction to the special issue.Journal of World Business,51(1), 1-5. Karadjova-Stoev, G., Mujtaba, B. G. (2016). Strategic human resource management and global expansion lessons from the Euro disney challenges in France.The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online),15(3), 79. McFarlin, D., Sweeney, P. D. (2014).International management: strategic opportunities cultural challenges. Routledge. Piekkari, R., Welch, D., Welch, L. S. (2014).Language in international business: The multilingual reality of global business expansion. Edward Elgar Publishing

A Peer Reviewed International Journal of Asian Research Consortium free essay sample

It helps them to recall the brands of the durable products. The consumers of durable products have their motivational sources from need and product utility. The study revealed that the celebrity’s convincing endorsement motivates them to materialize the purchase of durables. The consumers are induced significantly by the celebrity endorser when the target is on quality and price. The purchase attitude is influenced by the celebrity endorsement factors, product evaluation and brand recognition. CONCLUSION The world of today is changing fast. India is no exception. Especially after the opening up of the economy, the pace of change that India and its people are experiencing in their socio-cultural milieu is mind boggling. India, with its wide diversity, offers a fascinating scope to study the host of changes which developmental activities have brought about in its social and economical framework. While it is possible to get some estimates of the macro changes taking place in India, it is impossible to get any accurate measures of the subjective experiences that proceed, accompany or follow such changes. We will write a custom essay sample on A Peer Reviewed International Journal of Asian Research Consortium or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the fact remains that the profile of the Indian market is vastly different from what it was earlier. Although these changes are difficult to measure at the micro level, nevertheless, they have been of great significance to marketers. Any marketer is keen in closely monitoring the changes in terms of numbers and specially keeping regular track of the changing pattern of consumers’ aspirations and competitive actions. REFERENCES Amos, C, Holmes, G and Strutton, D (2008), International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 09-234 Armstrong, Ayuk, Ceasarine Nyaseda (2008), C. F. C MODEL The Appropriateness Of Celebrity Endorsement In Developing African Nations: A Study of Cameroon and Kenya Brown, M (2007), „What are the benefits of celebrity-based campaigns? Knowledge Point, Journal  of  Asian  Research  Consortium  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  45 http://www. aijsh. org AJRM   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Volume  1,  Issue  5  (October,  2012)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ISSN:  2277? 6621 Busler, M (2002), „Product Consumers Perception of Quality Differentiation, Celebrity Endorsements and the Byrne, A, Whitehead, M, Breen, S (2003) „The naked truth of celebrity endorsement, British Food Journal, Volume: 105 Issue: 4/5 Page: 288 – 296 ISSN:0007-070X Capuyan, JT (2010), „Perceived Credibility of Celebrity Endorsers of Over-The-Counter Medicines and Its Influence On Health Care Decisions of Rural Mothers, Communication Research, BS Development Communication senior, Visayas State University Charbonneau, J and Garland, R (2006), „The use of celebrity athletes as endorsers: views of the New Zealand general public, International Journal of Sports Marketing Sponsorship Damian Thompson, Admap, January , Celebrities Must Be Relevant To Increase Brand Engagement, pp. 42-43 Daneshvary, R, Schwer, RK (2000) „The association endorsement and consumers intention to purchase, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Volume:17 Issue:3 Page:203 213ISSN: 0736-3761 Escalas, JE, Bettman, JR, Connecting with Celebrities: Celebrity Endorsement, Brand Meaning, and Self-Bran d Connections Farrell, KA, Karels, GV, Montfort, KW and McClatchy, CA 2000, Managerial Finance, Volume: 26 Issue: 7 Page: 1 – 15

Object Pronouns vs. Subject Pronouns

Object Pronouns vs. Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns vs. Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns vs. Subject Pronouns By Mark Nichol Using pronouns seems simple enough, but they cause confusion because it’s easy to mix up nominative, or subject, pronouns and object pronouns. Here’s a review of the difference between the two categories of pronoun: A nominative pronoun is one that takes the place of a noun phrase used as a sentence’s subject. Instead of writing, â€Å"The man patiently stood in line,† one could write, â€Å"He stood patiently in line.† An object pronoun, however, replaces a noun phrase employed as an object: If you wished to use a pronoun to refer to a woman who precedes the man in line, you wouldn’t use the equivalent of the pronoun that appears in the second example above (â€Å"The man patiently stood in line behind she†); you’d use a different form (â€Å"The man patiently stood in line behind her†). Pronouns that rename the subject and follow a verb should also be in subject form: â€Å"It is I who have been wronged.† In comparative sentences those in which as or than is used to compare two things should you write, â€Å"I am just as capable as her† or â€Å"I am just as capable as she†? To test the appropriate pronoun form, append a verb to the sentence, and the correct version becomes clear: â€Å"I am just as capable as she is.† (One often hears people saying things like â€Å"I am just as capable as her,† but one often hears things said that are not grammatically rigorous.) Sometimes, the correct choice depends on the meaning of the sentence: Is â€Å"She’s more likely to ask him than I† correct, or should you write, â€Å"She’s more likely to ask him than me†? If the extended sentence is â€Å"She’s more likely to ask him than I am,† in which the comparison is between the subject and the writer, I is correct. However, if the intent is to convey that the man referred to as him is more likely to be asked something by the subject than the writer is, the correct pronoun form is me, but that distinction should be clarified with a revision like â€Å"She’s more likely to ask him than ask me.† Another source of confusion is reflexive pronouns those that reflect back on the subject. Reflexive pronouns include all the compound words ending in -self (for example, myself) or -selves (for example, themselves). Reflexive pronouns should be used only to refer to another word in the sentence. For example, in â€Å"I gave myself a mental pat on the back for a job well done,† myself refers to the subject I. However, in â€Å"The letter was intended for myself,† myself has no referent (the subject is â€Å"the letter†), so the sentence should read, â€Å"The letter was intended for me.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar 101 category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Whimsical Words75 Idioms and Expressions That Include â€Å"Break†75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard†

Oil and gas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Oil and gas - Essay Example Hence, equip with adequate expertise meant for managing and being a leaders in this globe’s dynamic as well as fastest growing sector.  I also have some knowledge on first aid. At the oil fields, with ease and heightened precision I can assist in handling minor casualties that entail immediate intervention before taken to specialized treatments. Generally, I can assist the medics in maintaining and checking stocks of emergency supplies, inspecting both cooked and raw foods, and testing the supplies of drinking water to determine whether they are clean. Enrolling in the Oil and Gas program will help equip me with the skills needed to support various professional or management careers in the worldwide petroleum industry. The program offers comprehensive as well as advanced information regarding both upstream and downstream operation of a petroleum firm. The program also stresses on the need of me focusing on exploring the emerging technologies and major challenges, which affect the future, exploration, and production of oil and gas. Additionally, the program focuses on pivotal issues for Petroleum industry professionals/managers such as health and safety management, petroleum economics and contracts, and project and quality management. Certainly, the program is ideal for me since I have interest in careers that deal with energy and hydrocarbon; more specifically oil production, processing, and transactions. The program, therefore, is likely to enhance my commercial, non-technical and technical skills. The program will help prepare me for the challenges in worldwide employment market as well as develop or strengthen my broader professional and personal skills that I will acquire as I advance in this field. Furthermore, the program offers practical career workshops and to its participants a prospect to experience various

Horaces Blockades -- To Rent or Buy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Horaces Blockades -- To Rent or Buy - Case Study Example Horace makes the bid but he is faced with the dilemma on whether to sell rent the contract, lease it or to buy more barricades since his barricades were already on another construction contract. The report compares benefits of renting the contracting to buying more barricades. After looking at the problem which causes the dilemma, the report provided some recommendations that. Horace should purchase new barricades to complete the contract by himself (Migliaccio, 2011). Horace’s dilemma on whether to purchase barricades or to rent the contract seeks for critical considerations. The main idea in this case is to avoid incurring loses while the company’s goal is to make profits. Horace estimates that the participating team takes five days to remove the barricades. After that, they should reset the barricades at the next construction site. If Horace charges $85 per hour for his team that is comprised of eight people, and with a working rate of 8 hours each day, his total payments would be $992,800 for the total period of construction. While the total expenditure for the project is above this, he should chose to avoid much expenditure by choosing to either rent or purchase (Migliaccio, 2011). The total cost for the project after purchasing is $1,109,675 while the cost after renting amounts to $992,800. The correct bid for Horace should be placed with a profit of 7% on the cost of purchase. This will make a total profit of $77,677.95. The total pay therefore shall be; After placing the bid and qualifying for the contract, Horace should now consider renting the barricades. Since the rental costs include replacement and repair for the damaged barricades during the rental period, Horace shall therefore have much profit; gotten from, the total pay minus the total expenditure on renting; Migliaccio, G. C., National Research Council

Strategies Which President Lincoln used Essay Example for Free

Strategies Which President Lincoln used Essay All great speeches contain ingenious rhetorical strategies. It is a great way to captivate and relate the gist of it all to the audience. In his second Inaugural address, Abraham Lincolns purpose was to reflect on the ever-lasting Civil War and look forth to peace. His strategy is to convey his view with God as his witness. President Lincoln successfully achieves his purpose of contemplating the effects of the Civil War and offering his vision for the future of the nation, using meaningful rhetorical strategies. Lincoln understood there was no need for a lengthy address, instead a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper (4-5). He lets everybody know what to expect from his second oath of the Presidential office. He is direct and relevant. In the third paragraph he reveals the reason for the war, All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union (31-35). This metaphorical interest Lincoln refers to is the colored slaves localized in the southern part of the Union. This metaphor serves to re-collect the idea of the malice slavery has brought to the nation and how little the government has helped to put a stop to it. He interacts with the audience by proposing the authoritative scheme put forth by the Almighty God. Religion is his basis for his testimony, being his most apparent rhetorical strategy. He continues in his third paragraph with a influential biblical allusion, Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must needs be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense cometh (50-53). This allusion refers to the offense America has committed, in providence of God, which brings the misfortune North and South has experienced. His clever parallelism, Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away (61-63), serves to put emphasis on the magnitude of the problems war has brought forth and how crucial it is to cease. Lincoln uses inclusive rhetorical strategies to accomplish his purpose to reflect on the Civil War and offer his vision for the future of the nation, With malice toward none, and with charity for all (70).

Essay --

It is safe to say that you are curious if those all night pack study hours are utilized? I wager you're thinking about whether they are really aiding or harming your midterm degree. I'm certain every last one of us have consumed a dusk 'til dawn affair reconsidering for that Chemistry or Economics composed test that you simply need to do well on the grounds that its 50 for every hundred of your evaluation. We all appear compelled to do well in school for numerous causes. For that high giving work were vowed assuming that we move on from a choice school or shouldn't something be said about the supposition that you will have an improved future. What's more for those of you whose folks are paying many dollars for educational cost, wouldn't yearning to let mother or father down. The reaction is here. Pilcher led an investigation of if nap need influences your capability of acing that check assuming that you just might have headed off to mattress prior. Voluntary nap want is a far flung episode for numerous school researchers, who regularly mostly deny themselves of snooze throughout the week and repay by developing their nap time through the weekend. This example of snooze lack and bounce back comes to be more spoke round composed test periods, sometimes bringing about 24 to 48 hours of nap need. By denying themselves of snooze, school researchers are not just stretching their conclusions of drowsiness throughout the day, along these lines declining their capacity to give careful consideration in class, however are moreover opposite influencing their capability to perform on composed tests. The impact of snooze need on mental variable associated with execution, for example self-reported approximates of consideration, exertion, a... ...watched films, performed film and prepackaged games, or took on unique undertakings for the duration of the night, however were asked to utmost jazzed drinks and sugary snacks to two each. The following forenoon both gatherings were taken to the library, in the wake of morning dish, and checked. All members then took the Profile of Mood States (Poms) examiner, which makes inquiries about their appearing. For showing do they appear to be well disposed, strained as well as angry? In the wake of fulfilling this they beat up out the Watson-Glaser Critical considering (Wg). This survey surveys their cognitive presentation. And after that inevitably they were allowed the Cognitive Interference Questionnaire (Cg), which exhibits a register of sorts of contemplations. The members answer by expressing how frequently they encountered those considerations while air conditioning

Reflective Paper on Management of Organizations Essay

The concept of management especially that of managing organizations, is a broad field of study and usually requires understanding of the other branches of human learning such as sociology, psychology and economics, among others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In determining the most effective approach in management, it is important to learn the basics of dealing with persons, how to organize them, develop their skills while bonding them together and eventually generate positive outcome or production from their collective labor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Being an experienced nurse and member of the US Armed Forces, I have learned through the years in reserve camps and in field that interpersonal relationship is not easily perfected considering man’s innate instinct of â€Å"self-survival.† In order for a man to survive in any given situation, condition and place, it is but natural for him to save and protect himself or his interests, oftentimes resulting to conflict with other persons.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This human frailty is often than not the root of problems and conflict affecting the smooth flow of communication and cooperation within a certain group or organization. In addition to this, a person’s inability to understand the proper systems of learning within an organization and the natural course of changes brought by outside forces such as information technology, globalization and the likes usually result to negative output or disintegration of the organization itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Also, change, transformation and evolution is part of nature. Such reality also affects organizations and the society as a whole. The concept of the continuous transformation of the society and all of its institutions is best described by Donald Schon (1973): The loss of stable state means that our society and all of its institutions are in continuous processes of transformation. We cannot expect new stable states that will endure for our own lifetimes. We must learn to understand, guide, influence and managed these transformations. We must make the capacity for undertaking them integral to ourselves and to our institutions. We must, in other words, become adept at learning. We must become able not only to transform our institutions, in response to changing situations and requirements; we must invent and develop institutions which are ‘learning systems’, that is to say, systems capable of bringing about their own continuing transformation. (Schon 1973: 28)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Schon, as quoted by M.K. Smith (2001) in his article, â€Å"The Learning Organization† posted in the worldwide web infed.org, is indeed correct by saying that we must learn how to adapt to changes and transformation, make them as integral part of us and our institutions and likewise come up with new learning systems that could carry on the cycle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Given this idea, I believe that by learning the proper systems in the field of management, one would not only be able to adapt to such transformations in the society and all its institutions or organizations, but also one could make a big difference in mobilizing people together, making them more competent, service-oriented, effective and productive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At the same time, learning the proper systems can lessen, if not only its impact, the conflict caused by self-survival by individuals thereby resulting to an effective team that is highly competitive, competent and motivated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Part of the learning systems in an organization is the building of teams that would become the heart and machinery of the organization. In building teams, I have learned from several readings that it is important to determine the strength and weaknesses of each individual to assess their distinct capabilities that would match the requirement for specific responsibilities and work to be done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In determining the weaknesses and strength of the team members, as well as the over-all status of the team, some analytical modules can be used such as the force field analysis and the SWOT analysis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To initiate the force field analysis, the team must start with a brainstorming session to identify the â€Å"driving† and â€Å"restraining† forces in their organization. The driving forces are the factors that promote obedience to the team’s work or schedule while the restraining forces are the factors that hinder adherence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By learning how to determine both, the team and its leader would be able to design strategies how to approach the problem and decrease the restraining forces to achieve maximum resolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another effective way of identifying the internal and external strength, weaknesses and opportunities of the team is the SWOT analysis. In using the SWOT analysis, the team would not only be able to determine the causes of motivation or hindrances to their work or schedules, but also the opportunities and threats to the organization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SWOT is more comprehensive and detailed and by identifying the internal strength and weaknesses and the external opportunities and threats, the team would be able to draw up critical solutions to its problems. In using systematic analysis in identifying problems, the team leader also develops a systematic thinking or approach in building a strong and effective team.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Such forms of analysis are effective in most cases especially in military operations. As an active member of the US army, part of our daily activities is to maintain order in each team at the camp and effectively carry out orders from our superiors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By learning how to determine several forces that affect our operations, I am becoming more capable to handle orders and cooperate with my colleagues. At my age of 41, I am still open to possibilities that even an older woman like me could achieve more in the future. Through learning how to build teams and eventually become a very good leader, I am relearning the values of discipline, independence and competence that I could use once I finish my course in Human Resources. But building teams and knowing each team member’s capability is only part of the larger face of learning systems in learning organizations. The next step to an effective management is how to enhance and develop strategies that would improve the team. An effective team develops ways to share leadership roles and ways to share accountability for their work output. It also builds a specific team purpose and goals. There are several ways or strategies how to motivate teams to become stronger and more efficient.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is important to establishe objectives together. All team members must understand the objectives and what actions are needed to achieve them. Each member shall have a sense of responsibility and must have a sense of participation in achieving the collective goal of the team.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A good leader also knows how to encourage members to suggest ways how to improve their own services. The team must develop a participatory style. The feeling of belongingness and importance is one of the best ways to boost the team members’ morale. I often do this at home with my children. For 18 years as I reared them as single parent, I tried to teach them to speak and to participate in all house concerns. This made them independent and self-assured the same way a team member should feel – important.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Most often than not, listening is the best way to learn. Leaders should know how to listen to their team members. They should also acknowledge their points of view and encourage a healthy venue for discussions and democratic debates. Healthy discussions are actually therapeutic to the group because the members will be able to speak their minds or the problems they encounter at work. This improves interpersonal relationships and lessens the conflict of self-interests and self-survival. By understanding each other’s problems or by listening to one another, a team member would learn to decrease his personal walls and start opening doors to other persons.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is actually interesting for me. As I go through this course and the learning systems in management and organizational learning, I come to realize that managing teams or organization is not quite different from managing your own home. I could easily relate, not only because I encounter team concerns at work but also because I have experienced being aleder at my own house.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Meanwhile, other strategies in can be introduced to maximize the effectiveness of a team. Defining specific roles and responsibilities also helps in organizing the team and keeping them focused. It is also important to explain rules and regulations, including time commitments. By knowing the rules and the rationale for such rules, team members will develop respect and trust to the organization. Commitment of time for team building and team work is also crucial in an organization’s growth. All members must have a sincere concern for the team and in doing so, they must be willing to extend time at work to do their responsibility to the group, if needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to the experts, an effective team has at least seven characteristics. These are as follows: team members share leadership roles; team develops own scope of work; team schedules work to be done and commits to taking time allotted to do work; team develops tangible work products; team shared accountability; performance is based on achieving team products; and open discussion and collective resolution of problems within the team.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Working long hours at the nurse’s station in camps and in hospitals, taking care of the sick and old, then has given me enough insight of the real meaning of team work. It is true that a hospital or a military infirmary is just like an organization. Each medical staff shall take part in all the responsibilities. Less time would also be spent if each nurse takes quality time to take care of the patients or station himself in a designated area. In my former line of work, there are also specific responsibilities and areas of accountability including pharmacy, supplies, maintenance, emergency, wards, among others. The same is true with the military. And mush is expected of us. At present, I am an E6 Supply Staff Sergeant. I work for a transportation reserve unit full time. I am part of a larger team. And it is my responsibility to take care of their supply needs. If I fail, the whole system fails. It is a chain. But if I do my work on time and with efficiency, I help my teammates and the order is protected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Simple things or simple tasks are oftentimes the key to an organization’s success. By doing the very basic things right, the team is assured of a holistic effectiveness and efficiency. As I begin to look back, it is getting clearer to me that the tricks of management, in any given field, are actually around us everyday. One only needs to be more observant and reflective to better understand the processes of learning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Part of the continuing learning process is also the methods of solving conflicts. Conflicts within organizations usually arise when there is contradiction between team members, who sometimes have varying views on specific concerns.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When conflicts arise, experts tell us that it is important to introduce a constructive way how to resolve it. The first thing that one must take into consideration is to avoid jumping into conclusions. To avoid such mistake, it is crucial to identify the factors that have caused the conflict and determine the stakeholders involved in the conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Group discussion would help determine who are stakeholders in a certain conflict. By diplomatically opening a dialogue between the stakeholders, the leader would be able to recognize individual interests, as well a power issues affecting the conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The next step is to consider the alternatives in resolving the conflict. Each alternative must be carefully studied and from each, try to determine which is the most apt solution to the problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After the chosen solution is implemented, it is imperative to evaluate its effect to assess whether the results are satisfactory. If not, begin the process again and find other solution to the conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In every organization, change is also a constant factor. Organizations are often faced by difficulties within the structure when there is leadership or organizational change.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Rosabeth Moss Kanter (1999, Chapter 5), it was proven over the years that things that sustain change are not â€Å"bold strokes but long marches – the independent, discretionary and ongoing efforts of people throughout the organization.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter (1999, Chapter 5) further says that:   â€Å"real change requires people to adjust to their behavior, and that behavior is often beyond the control of top management.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter teaches us that change is constantly created at many levels in an organization. Kanter says that there are big events that often occur due to outside forces while some changes are brought about by the people’s actions in their daily operations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In confronting change, adept organizations share three key attributes. Kanter (1999, Chapter 5) specifies these as follows:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   *The imagination to innovate. To encourage innovation, effective leaders help develop new concepts – the ideas, models, and applications of technology that set an organization apart. *The professionalism to perform. Leaders provide personal and organizational competence, supported by workforce training and development, to execute flawlessly and deliver value to ever more demanding customers. *The openness to collaborate. Leaders make connections with partners who can extend the organization’s reach, enhance its offerings, or energize its practices. (Kanter 1999, Chapter 5)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter cited three important words – concept, competence and connections. She claims that these intangible assets naturally build up with successful individuals and organizations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Such intangible assets, she explains, reflect habits and not programs. These habits – personal skills, behavior and relationships – if deeply imbedded within the organization results to minimal resistance to change.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If the organization has such assets, change would be so natural that leaders would find it easier to gear their team members to positively react to change.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mastering change and transformation usually brought by outside forces such as technology, globalization, competition and politics as well is not an easy task. The organization should be intuitive, dynamic and innovative.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The organization must come up with its own innovations to adapt to its environment, guided by the skillful and pro-active leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter (1999) explains that the skillful leader must know how to lead with passion, conviction and confidence in others. There are other techniques or tips that could be adopted by an effective leader. The first is to keep abreast with the changing environment. A leader must be constantly observant, keen in learning and updated of what is new and what is latest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter’s concept of effective leadership teaches me and everyone else another basic characteristic of humans – our innate instinct to learn. Man’s curiosity and unending search for the â€Å"truth† or the â€Å"story behind things† is actually a trait that must be mastered by a leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I now find it imperative to double my efforts in honing my skills in preparation for my future as human resource personnel or manager. Doing routines at the military sometimes make you too comfortable with your environment that you forget to check what is happening around.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Now, I am beginning to realize that in order to be an effective and skillful leader, one must prepare and master the technique of listening, learning and tuning in to the environment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another trait that a leader should master is to think outside the box. Kanter said it is okay to challenge the wisdom of the organization. It is alright to question the patternsn and come up with new solutions, looking into different angles or dimensions that sometimes lead to new approaches and innovative ideas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter (1999) gave several examples how to promote kaleidoscopic thinking. Team members can conduct activities outside the company or the organization itself. Interact, immerse with the community, break routines, rotate job assignments or even exchange projects. These are only few of the ways to generate fresh ideas and opportunities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Genuine conviction is also a positive trait that should be taught to team members. Kanter (1999) explains that one cannot sell change or anything else without any real conviction. In order for others to believe what you say or what you are trying to communicate, you must believe it first. Makes sense to me. In many situations that I was confronted by issues at the US Armed Forces, my children would sometimes ask about the real concerns and agenda of the US government. And in many cases, I try to answer them as honestly as I could. But now, it reminds me of my true feelings at that time. Kanter helps me reflect of my thoughts and thinking about it, I know that at times, I am not even sure whether my convictions were genuine enough to let my children believe what I say.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is one trait of a good leader I must master. To have genuine conviction so I could become an effective leader and be able to communicate vision and aspirations to my team members.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Change leaders† also needs the involvement of the team members who have the resources, the knowledge and the political influence to make things possible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter (1999) calls it coalition building. In early stages of planning, the leader must identify key players with appropriate capabilities. It is also important to find sources across or outside the organization to find influencers. According to Kanter, coalition building requires an understanding of the politics of change and its accompanying principles.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Once the coalition is in place, a leader must know how to coach and provide guidance to the team members while at the same time allowing them to enhance their individual contribution to the team.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanter (1999) says leaders should allow team members to forge their own identity, build a sense of membership and become accustomed in implementing changes. The leader must resist giving too many responsibilities to the members because in order for their individual capabilities to grown, they must learn how to focus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another effective way to ensure the success of an organization and its resolution to change is the primary law of management – perseverance. I myself believe that in any aspect of our life, not only in management, learning how to persevere and develop a strong passion on what we do is a positive attitude.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Perseverance gives a person more room to grow. As a 41-year-old woman, others may think that my career is almost over or that I may be experiencing the downsides of life. But I beg to disagree because I know that in pursuing my studies in human resources, I will have a better future ahead of me. My perseverance and willingness to adapt to changes and hone my skills in the process makes me a person with a vision and a drive to achieve more.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As Kanter (1999) explains, one must know how to overcome obstacles during the process of change. Perseverance helps a savvy leader to ensure the success of the process and prevent failure. If a leader launches something, he must not leave it to the team members. He should ensure that the process is done until the end.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And after everything has been put into place, it is important to recognize each member’s contribution to the any accomplishment. Remembering to reward and recognize accomplishments is critical in any leadership, Kanter (1999) says.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Words of gratitude, recognition or appreciation are one of the most powerful tool in motivating members of any organization. In the US Armed Forces, promotions and awarding of medals of honor or valor are few of the motivational tools being used to boost the morale of US soldiers and to encourage them to fight for America. It is also a form of incentive to American soldiers for their sacrifices and the risks they face in the military, considering that the profession is a high risk one.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Kanter, there is no limit to how much recognition a leader can provide to his team members. Making everyone a hero for a job well done often results to higher performance or bigger output in the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In relation to change in an organization, Kanter (1999) says recognition motivates people to attempt change again especially if they are involved in the process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In closing, effective management of people or organization is actually the ability to lessen individualism and self-survival instincts, break communication barriers, limit conflicts, building teams and training them to adapt to change, and the ability to innovate in order to keep abreast with the constantly changing environment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Effective management, though not easy to achieve, is actually a continuous learning process. One must have the concepts, the competence and the connections in order to become competitive, innovative and effective.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ashford University actually teaches us the same foundational values. The values of self-worth, creativity, independence, service, integrity and effectiveness. As for me, after studying this course and learning the proper systems in effective management, it is clear that the university’s core values such as creativity and effectiveness are truly important, not only to every individual but to interpersonal relationships and organizations as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The ability to innovate and have the respect for the free flow of ideas are some of the key points in mastering the techniques of effective management. As discussed above, innovation and transformation are continuous processes in the growth of an organization and by learning the values of creativity and self-directedness, one is assured that he could face the ever-changing and demanding world outside.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Also, one’s independence, self-discipline and competence result to effectiveness, not only as an individual but also as integral part of a larger group or organization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In any way, I believe that my aspirations in life are clearer and more achievable as I grasp a better understanding of the processes or organizational learning, as well as the values being taught at the Ashford university. This course is actually very interesting and liberating because it gives me a broader view of the society and its institutions. (End)       References: Smith, M.K. (2001) â€Å"The Learning Organization†, The Encyclopedia of Informal Education,   Ã‚   Retrieved May 3, 2006 from http://www.infed.org/biblio/learning-organization.htm Schon, D.A. (1973) Beyond the Stable State. Public and Private Learning in a Changing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Society, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 236 pages. Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1999) â€Å"The Enduring Skills of Change Leaders (Chapter 5) †, On   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Leading Change. Retrieved May 3 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://leadertoleader.org/leaderbooks/L2L/summer99/kanter.html Force Field Analysis. Retrieved May 3 from http://erc.msh.org/quality/pstools/psffanal.cfm SWOT Analysis. Retrieved May 3 from http://erc.msh.org/quality/examples/swot.cfm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If such could be achieved by a person, then he is a candidate to become an effective leader. By trying to understand the academic theories and vast possibilities to which this course of study has offered me, I now come to the realization that there is room for much improvement to everyone, even to a 44-year-old nothing is impossible I am a person with simple values, who appreciates those around me. I consider nmyself as helper of people and have been a member of the nursing profession for years.

Employment Law - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3043 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Research paper Level High school Topics: Contract Law Essay Employment Essay Did you like this example? Employment law Contents Introduction Internal labor organization The Ministry of Labor To who does the law applied? The employment contract The features of a limited or a fixed term contract: The contents of an unlimited term contract: Information that are significant in an employment contract Probation Periods Wages Disciplinary Code Termination of contract End of service gratuity Conclusion Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Employment Law" essay for you Create order Introduction There are numerous people around the globe who are unaware of the regulations and laws of the countries they are living in. Practically, the labor law is the foundation of laws, precedents and administrative regulations which addresses the lawful privileges of, and binds individuals who are working in companies. This research will highlight different conceptions which pertains to employment law in certain aspects and in general in UAE like, the ILO, MOL, the employment agreement, Probation Periods, wages, Disciplinary Code and Termination of Contract. Internal labor organization For laws relating to labor, it is of paramount importance to mention the body ILO commonly known as the international organization accountable for drawing overlooking and drawing up the international standards. Additionally, the aim of ILO is to make sure that it serves the needs and wants of individuals who are working by merging the government together, employers and workers to set labor standards, develop policies, and devise programs. The Ministry of Labor This specific body regulates all issues that pertain to work. It is accountable for allotting work permits or labor cards and imposing prohibitions on those are punishable in one way or the other. Their aim is to manage and organize the labor market to build up participation of the fellow Emiratis working in the workforce, understand the fortification and flexibility in the labor market, and entice other skilled workers through an inclusive system of rules and strategies and policies, enforcement, institutional partnership and effective service delivery. To who does the law applied? The law is binding for all the staff and employees working in the organization in UAE. However, there are specific groups of individuals who are relieved from this law, which are: Employees that are from the Federal government and governmental departments of the Emirates, employees of municipalities, other employees of federal and local public authorities and corporations, as well as employees who are recruited against federal and local governmental projects. Members of the armed forces, police and security. Domestic Servants employed in private households. Farming and grazing workers. Additionally, a potential partner in a business arrangement does not comes in the criteria of an employee and is therefore not obliged to acquire a labor card from the UAE MOL. However, if the partner holds and employee spot added to his partner rank, he will be treated as an employee for the work he is doing in the corporation. The employment contract Usually, a written lawful document represents an employment contract that lists out the binding terms and conditions of employment that exists between the employer and the employee. It is written in most regularly for jobs in higher positions and senior employees because they have a lot of consequences attached to their employment if the relation among employee and employer does not work out as planned. There exist two categories of an employment contract: Limited employment contracts or fixed term contracts: are contracts for a particular duration. Unlimited employment contracts: are contracts where an employee remains to work for an employer for a limitless duration, unless the employment contract is dismissed. The features of a limited or a fixed term contract: It has a beginning and end date. Terms of such a contract cannot be in surplus of duration of 4 years. It can however be reintroduced on joint agreement for an analogous or lesser duration of time. The employment will be dismissed at the after the completion of the time duration agreed. If the employer dismisses the contract for any reason other than those stated in Article 120, he would be accountable to pay reimbursement to the employee. This reimbursement shall be determined on the foundation of the wages due for duration of three months or for the continuing duration of the contract whichever is less, unless an article in the contract indicates otherwise otherwise. If the contract is negated by the employee for reasons other than those agreed in Article 121, he will be accountable to recompense the employer against any loss subsequent from its termination. The amount of reimbursement shall be calculated on the basis of half-a-months wages for three months or for the continuing time duration of the contract whichever is less, unless the contract indicates or else. The contents of an unlimited term contract: The contract will have a beginning date but will have no such end date i.e. the date on which the contract will be considered as terminated or ended, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s known to be an open-ended contract. A contract will be known to be unlimited if it is an verbal contract or if it is not for a stated duration of time or it had been for a certain duration of time and the related parties remain to act on its conditions and terms after the expiration moment, without any written contract stipulating the ending date, or if the objective of the employment is to complete the work not projected within a quantified time-span or which is by very nature cannot be renewed. The contract may be dismissed on a joint arrangement by either of the related parties to the contract by giving the other party a 30 daysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ notice period of dissolution. The contract may be dismissed for a vindicated reason at any time on giving 30 daysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ notice period of dissolution by either party to the other. The notice duration of time may be less for an employee who is in an organization and working on daily basis. The notice duration of time may be protracted for duration more than 30 days. It would then not be adequate for the parties to relinquish this notice duration of time. The employeesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ wages during the notice duration of time should be paid in full for the complete notice duration served. In the case of an event pertains to, that no notice had been given, the individual who should have given the notice must pay damages the other with the payment of a months wage in lieu of the notice duration of time. In accordance with the Article 120, the employer may dismiss the employees contract without issuing notice duration of time. The employee may dismiss the employment contract without issuing the notice duration of time as per the Article 121. The employee will be eligible to the reimbursement if the dissolution of the contract had been for an unfair cause. The court may reward the employee damages, against the employer, only if that the rewards so awarded does not surpass three months wages of the employee (calculation to be founded on the last wage paid to the employee). The reimbursement for compensations if any, granted to the employee for irrational firing, will be without preconception to the employees privilege of end-of-service perquisite and payments in lieu of notice, if notice had not been appropriately granted. Information that are significant in an employment contract The information that form the basis of an employment contract and are crucially required are, wages/remuneration payable, date of the employment contract, date of the beginning of the employment contract, nature of the contract (Limited/Unlimited), nature of the work, time duration of the contract (For limited term contracts) and the location of employment. Probation Periods In a workplace environment, probation is a recognition that delivered to those employees who are fresh to join the organization or a company. It is commonly known as Probation Period around the world of a working individual. This specific recognition permits a supervisor or the business manager to closely asses the performance of the newly joined employee in terms of skills and other relevant areas. A probationary period differs broadly relying on the type or nature of the company, but generally lasts anywhere from 30 to 90 days. In accordance with the UAW Probationary period, it is a specific duration of time in which the employer assesses the employees and if not satisfied, she/he has the authority to toss them out. As per the Article 37 of the UAE Labour Law says An employee may be engaged on trial for a period not more than six months, during which the employer without notice or compensation pay may dismiss his services. An employee shall not be positioned on trial more than once with the same employer. Where an employee effectively finishes the period of trial and remains in employment, the stated period shall be considered as part of his duration of service. Maximum duration of the trial period or probation is six months. Three months is considered to be a common period of time in the UAE. The UAE Labour Law does not relate to employees of the Federal Government, Municipalities, other federal or local authorities, employees recruited against federal and local governmental projects, Armed Forces, Police and Security Forces. Nor to domestic workers, or some farming workers. So probationary periods might be longer for workers recruited into those areas. Wages In accordance to the employment law in UAE, wages has been explained as the remuneration paid to the employees for the services they render to an organization according to the employment contract, they can be cash or bank transfers etc.; annually, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly, on a piece-rate, productivity linked. Wage comprises of all kinds of cost that pertains to living allowances, incentives related to honestly or loyalty of the employee, provided that these rewards are particularly stated in the employment contract signed by the parties involved or in the formations core rubrics and rules, have become habitual or if the employees of that formation have come to concern such enticements as part of the wages as contrasting to a donation. Basic wage is a particular benchmark wage which is stated in the labor contract and as consented by the parties involved for the terms and conditions of the contract. Allowances costs and other incentives however do not form the part of basi c wage. Therefore, accommodation, housing, transport and travel allowances will not be included in the basic wage. Basic wage is vital in the assessment of end-of-service gratuity, which is based on the foundation of the last drawn basic wage and not on the foundation of that totality of the wages. Even in this assessment, allowance does not form a part. The currency of the wages being paid differs as it can be Dirhams in UAE or any suitable currency. However, the parties may consent the currency to be paid in the employment contract. No such restrictions are imposed by any regulatory authorities. Case: Does the law need any proof or evidence of payment on wages? In the event of any kind of conflict or dispute, it would be important for the employer to prove that the employee had been paid his wages regularly in addition with any such allowances applicable. Such proof must be in writing. However, equal rights are given to the employee to prove any sort of non-payment by the employer within the law frame stated in the employment contract. So, it is of crucial importance that employer sustain adequate records of the transactions and payroll. Disciplinary Code A disciplinary code in UAE presides for the provision of disciplinary measures which any employer or his representative may grant on his employees. There are listed as follows: Warnings Fines Deferment from work with a reduction in wages for not more than 10 days of duration. The deterrence of periodical payments or the deferment of in formations where such payments exists. The deficiency of preferment in formations where elevations exist. Dissolution of service without preconception to the compensation of all ends of service remunerations. Dissolution of service and the penalization of all or some of his privilege. This chastisement shall not be levied for any reason other than those mentioned in Article 120 of this law. A fine can be a fixed amount or some amount equal to the employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wage for certain duration of time. However, the optimum level of fine an employer can impose on his fellow employee should not exceed 5 days wages, and indeed in any month total fines shall not exceed an amount equivalent to 5 days wages. Case: If a fine is imposed, who should be in charge of keeping the money deducted from the employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wages? A fine imposed on an employee is supposed to be entered in a specific register stating the cause or the events, name of the employee and his basic wage level. A specific account should be maintained for these fines, the monthly total of which should be spent on things like social welfare and the betterment of work environment. The employer may not levy any punitive procedures on the employee unless the following conditions take place: No punitive action should be taken against any employee because of something he committed who is out of the scope of the workplace unless it is related to work, the employer or the manager in charge of the work. Only one punishment should be forced for one violation of any rule or regulation. A punitive retribution shall not be escorted with presumption of part of the employees wages. None of the retribution on condition that for denoted to here above shall be forced on an employee unless he is knowledgeable of his desecration in writing and given a chance to protect himself. His declaration and resistance shall be noted and written in his file, and the retribution imposed shall be predicted out at the end of the stated note. An employee must be knowledgeable in writing of the retribution forced on him, affirming its type and amount, the cause thereof and the retribution he shall be subject to in case of repetition. No employee shall be blamed of a violation after the duration of 30 days of its detection. No punitive action shall be forced after the duration of 60 days from the end of exploration regarding the violation, and the validation of its recurrence. Termination of contract The contract of employment may be dismissed or terminated if both the related parties consent to it, provided that there is sufficient evidence in the writing of employee getting terminated. It may also be dismissed in the case of the death of the employee or his complete disability of working provided that a valid medical certificate has been given to the organization or the employer. However, if the disability of the employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s is partial and he can do some other work and provided that his health state allows him to work in such conditions, it is the duty and the responsibility of the employer to shift and accommodate the employee the work suited for him in such events. An employer may discharge an employee without giving any notice in any of the following cases (Article 120 of the law): If the employee undertakes a character or a nationality other than his own, or has succumbed false documentations or credentials. If the employee obligates a fault instigating the employer a considerable financial loss, provided that the employer notifies the Ministry in authority within the duration 48 hours. If the employee be unsuccessful to carry out his rudimentary responsibilities as specified in the contract and stays to do so regardless of of a clear cautionary that his service will be dismissed if he recaps his misconduct. If he reveals a top-secret of the formation for whom he is working. If he is found drunk or befuddled by drugs during working hours. If he becomes inattentive without a genuine reason for more than 20 sporadic days or more than seven incessant days within one year. An employee may dismiss his contract of employment without giving any notice in either of the following cases in accordance with Article 121 of the law: 1-If the employer has not content his responsibility headed for the employee as providing in the contract or by regulation, for example, when an employer does not pay an employee his wage on time. 2-If he is attacked by the employer or his lawful illustrative. End of service gratuity If the employee has completed his service of one or more year he will be entitled for the end of service gratuity for each of the first five years to come and 30 days per year after that. It is assessed on the basis of the last basic salary of his service. The total end of service gratuity, however, cannot exceed the cumulative salary of two years. The time duration of owing leaves are not comprised within the service duration of time. If an employeeis demised, the end of service gratuity goes to those who inherit them. Only UAE nationals are permitted for the end of service gratuity for the duration of time before the issuance of the Federal Labor Law in 1980 An employer should give his employee at his demand at the end of the contract a service credential free of charge, affirming the date of beginning of service, the expiration date, total service duration of time served the organization or the company, nature of work carried out by the employee, his last wage and any allowan ces, if they exist. The employer shall also return to the employee all that he has deposited with him like certificates, papers, instruments etc. Conclusion However, the conclusion can be in this way that there are a total of two employment contracts which we have mentioned above and each of those contracts have their own kinds of characteristics. Additionally, the termination can be in distinct way with any rules provided in the contract. References 1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probation_(workplace) 2- https://www.dubaifaqs.com/probation-period-uae.php 3- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_wage 4- https://www.angelfire.com/nv/sabu/UAE Labour Law.html 5-https://www.deg.gov.ae/sitecollectionimages/content/pubdocs/uae_labour_law_eng.pdf 6-https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/langen/index.htm 7-https://www.mol.gov.ae/english/newIndex.aspx# 8-https://www.abudhabi.ae/egovPoolPortal_WAR/appmanager/ADeGP/Citizen?_nfpb=true_ page Label=p20160lang=endid=20176