Candide by Voltaire Essay

In the beginning of 17th century and the peak of 18th century, there was a movement known as â€Å"Enlightenment† which encompassed a wide variety of ideas and advances in the field of philosophy, science and medicine. Voltaire embodies the Enlightenment more than any other intellectual or writer. Enlightenment is also called the age of Voltaire. The followers of the movement had profound faith in the power of reason and rational thought. They believed that this philosophy would lead human beings to a better social structure. They attacked both the aristocracy and the church. In ‘Candide’, Pangloss and his student Candied maintain that â€Å"everything is for the best in this best of all possible worlds†. This idea is a simplified version of the philosophies of the enlightened thinkers, most notable are Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz. These philosophers believed that God exist and since God is perfect, so the world he created must be perfect too. They argued that people recognize imperfections in the world only because they are not aware of God’s grand plan. Voltaire does not accept that a perfect God or any God exist. Throughout the novel, he mocks the idea that the world is perfectly good and heaps merciless satires on this idea. The optimists Pangloss and Candide suffer and witness a wide variety of horrors- whipping, rapes, robberies, unjust execution, disease, earthquake, betrayal and crushing world-weariness. After Candide was thrown out of the castle of the baron Thunder-ten-tronckh, he was handcuffed and carried to the Bulgarian regiment. He witnessed the atrocities committed by the Bulgarians on the Abarian territories after winning the battle against King of Abres. They burn down villages, ravish young virgins and kill men and women alike. While travelling on ship to Lisbon along with Pangloss and the Anabaptist James they face a tempest. In Lisbon, they faced a violent earthquake, which destroyed three-fourth of the city of Lisbon. At the advice of the sages of the country, Dr Pangloss and Candied are secured for burning them alive for the infallible prevention of earthquake. In Surinam, Candide is robbed of his wealth. The lady he is in love, Miss Cunegund suffers too. She is ravished by two Bulgarians and receives two deep wounds in her belly. Her own castles are demolished and she witnesses the brutal murder of her parents and her brother. Though born a baroness, she is reduced to the station of a cook-wench. In the end she becomes the slave of Transylvanian prince and turns ugly and even Candide finds her repulsive. Pangloss the philosopher is reduced to a slave of a Turkish captain and Candide sets him free from slavery by ransom. These events only points to the cruelty and folly of humanity and indifference of the natural world and do not serve any good purpose. Pangloss struggles to find justification for the terrible things in the world but his arguments turn out to be absurd. In the end of the novel, Pangloss admits that he does not believe any more in his own previous optimistic conclusions. This example of events showed how Voltaire established his opposition towards the Christian Doctrine. He imposed Enlightenment through Pangloss’ characterization – its struggles and sufferings despite of his faith and ideology towards Christianity. The most glaring flaw in Pangloss’s optimist is that it is based on abstract philosophical argument rather than real-world evidence. In the chaotic world shown in the novel, philosophical speculations repeatedly prove useless and sometimes destructive. Again and again, it prevents characters from making realistic assessment of the world round them. It also stops them from taking positive action to change adverse situations. Pangloss is a character who is most vulnerable to this sort of folly. He checks Candide from saving the Anabaptist James from drowning during Tempest by demonstrating to him that the roadstead of Lisbon had been made on purpose for the Anabaptish to be drowned in there. When Candide lies on the ground covered with stones after the violent earthquake in the city of Lisbon, Pangloss ignores him request for oil and wine and instead makes great effort to prove the causes of the earthquake. Throughout the novel, Candide’s confusion regarding the philosophies of Pangloss is very much evident. When Candide and Cacambo are held by the armed Oreilles and they cry out: â€Å"A Jesuit! a Jesuit! we shall be revenged; we shall have excellent cheer; let us eat this Jesuit; let us eat him up†. Candied cannot accept the philosophy of Pangloss that everything is right. Voltaire elaborated his stand towards the issue of Enlightenment and Counter-Enlightenment. He explained through his novel the arguments of enlightenment through the characterization of Candide and counter-arguments through the characterization of Pangloss. Voltaire did not only encompass the existence of his philosophy for his belief in Enlightenment but also the existence of science, religion, and society. This criticism of philosophy that encompasses Candide is much more surprising and dramatic given Voltaire’s own status of a respected philosopher of the Enlightenment movement. Voltaire satirizes organized religion in his novel ‘Candide’. A series of corrupt, hypocrite religious leaders emerge throughout the story. The reader encounters the old women (who assist Candide and Miss Cunegund), daughter of a Pope. The pope, a man who as a catholic priest should be celibate, instead he is shown married in the story. A Catholic Inquisitor hypocritically keeps a mistress. A Franciscan friar steals all the jewellery of Miss Cunegund. Despite the vow of poverty taken as a member of the Franciscan order, he operates as a jewel thief. Finally the author introduces a Jesuit colonel who has marked homosexual tendencies. In the story religious leaders are shown to tyrannize humanity. The baroness Miss Cunegund is reduced to the status of a wench by My Lord Inquisitor. Candide meets the Pope, an orator who sermonizes on the subject of charity. The orator abuses and threatens him when he begs for food and his wife discharge a utensil full of water on him, thinking that he has accused him husband of being antichrist. Voltaire criticizes the superstitions of religious practice through the incident where sages of Lisbon decide that few men should be burnt alive to prevent further earthquakes. In the novel, the religious leaders also carry out inhuman religious oppressions against those who disagree with them on smallest theological matters. The Inquisitor persecutes Pangloss for expressing his ideas and Candide for simply listening to him. Pangloss is hanged and Lord Inquisitor preaches and cruelly whips Candide. Voltaire presents several examples of hypocrisy and immorality of religious leaders but he does not condemn the everyday believer of religion. James is a member of a radical protestant sect called the Anabaptists. These scenarios proved the idea of Voltaire towards Christianity and Enlightenment. Even if he put these elements to show the rationality of his evidences and justifications, it still shows that Christianity does not fill the incompleteness of radical belief. It also implies that Voltaire attacked the weak points of Christianity and give way to the strong points of Enlightenment. Throughout the whole novel, Voltaire made a distinct differentiation between Enlightenment and Christian Doctrine. However, it was seen that the arguments of Enlightenment brings positive evidences for its justification while Christian doctrine is obtained as negative integration of knowledge and conception. This criticism can be seen through the struggle, sufferings, and situation of Pangloss. In the end of the novel, Pangloss made up his mind and went through the light of Enlightenment as he started not to believe from his old principles and convictions. This resolution also made its readers become attracted to the illumination of Enlightenment. As a whole, Voltaire’s novel ‘Candide’ not only censure Christine regimes of power and the arrogance of nobility, but it also condemns certain aspects of the philosophical movement of the Enlightenment. It attacks the theory of optimism that argues that rational thought can restrain the evils committed by human beings.

Egyptian Pyramids Importance in Egypts Society

Egyptian Pyramids Importance in Egypts Society Introduction There is no doubt that the images mostly associated with Egypt are the Ancient Pyramids. The most famous of these pyramids is the great pyramid (Pyramid with a Sphinx) at Giza. Egypt boasts of over 100 pyramids nationally. Most of the pyramids are assembled around and proximal to the Egyptian capital of Cairo.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Egyptian Pyramid’s Importance in Egypt’s Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The only royal pyramid in the south of the country is found in Abydos. This pyramid was built by Ahmose who was the founder of the eighteenth empire and the county’s new Kingdom. This pyramid is regarded as the final of the royal pyramids built in Egypt (Grimal 3). The construction of Pyramids in Egypt started with the third dynasty under the rule of Netjerikhet Djoser, the 2nd King of Egypt. Many of the early Kings including Djoser and Snefu built more tha n a single Pyramid. These numbers increased with the dynasties especially in the middle Kingdoms. It was only after Ahmose, the first pharaoh of Egypt, that the building of Royal Pyramids was terminated. This new Kingdom opted to hide their tombs in the hills of West Bank instead of building pyramids which were used as tombs in the previous eras (Hornung 2). Nevertheless, miniature Pyramids were later on constructed by private individuals for instance the Pyramids in Deir el- Medina. The Nubian rule in Egypt also saw the construction of smaller and steeper pyramids. This tradition was carried on by the Nubians after the 3rd Dynasty led by Ahmose lost control of Egypt. The Nubians built many Pyramids than the rest of Egypt but on small scale. Therefore, the building of Pyramids in Egypt evolved significantly, from the huge pyramids owned by the royal family to the small sized Pyramids owned by the private individuals (Grimal 6). Construction of Pyramids The Great Pyramid of Giza cons titutes the original Seven Wonders of the World. It is a marvelous structure which stands 137 meters tall (about 450 feet) and was constructed using 2 million blocks of stone weighing from 2 tones to 50 tons. The overall weight of the pyramid is approximately 6 million tons.Advertising Looking for research paper on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The corners of the Pyramid are roughly perfect right angles facing the four primary directions of the compass. It had a perfect 520 slope before the government used some of its blocks in construction works in the capital. The pyramid is dated back to four centuries ago. To build a pyramid currently, one needs very sophisticated engineering skills and techniques (Lorwerth 3). Most of the Ancient Pyramids were built on a leveled rock or surface, while some were constructed on unleveled ground. Pyramid bases were set following the true directions of the. These directions were identified by observing North start or rising stars set to man-made sphere. Perfect pyramid bases were also achieved by marking bricks as evident in Khufu and Khafra Pyramids at Giza. Brick markers were also discovered in step pyramid of Sinki. They were placed to act as points of reference during the building and construction of the Pyramid and its features. These brick markers have also been discovered in numerous pyramids across Egypt (Grimal 7). Materials used in the construction of these pyramids were extracted or mined from sources close to the building spot. All of the Ancient pyramids were built of stone from the nearest dug out. These stones ranged from granite, to sandstone, and to limestone. Finer stones for finishing works were ferried from the quarries far in the deserts or upstream. Limestone, sandstone and granite quarries were found in different parts of the country. Transportation was basically human loaders and river transport using ancient water ve ssels. Once the materials were laid in the construction site, the process of building started. As the pyramid increased in height, the stone blocks and other building materials had to be lifted higher. Ancient Egyptians used ramps to lift the stone blocks. Ancient ramps have discovered in Giza and Abydos. Other studies have also found out that blocks of woods also were used to move the woods mechanically (Grimal 8). Pyramid builders Contrary to the common belief, pyramids were built by indigenous Egyptians. Ancient Egyptians boasted of entrepreneurs, skilled personnel, and even medical facilities. There is scientific evidence of the workers in Pyramid constriction sites who had survived crushed or amputated body parts. Most of the builders were permanent employees while others were hired from the villages only for short period of time. Majority of these workers were men. Women were rarely employed in the construction sites evident by a few injured female skeletons with heavy stones (Hornung 12).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Egyptian Pyramid’s Importance in Egypt’s Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A number of graffiti/ artistic works on the walls of the ancient pyramids have shown that these workers did their job willingly and with pride. For instance, they called groups â€Å"friends of Khufu† among others names, depicting that they had a good relationship with the Pharaoh or the ruler at that time. Scientists estimate that the great pyramid of Giza took almost a century to be built and used almost 30,000 laborers. These workers comprised of manual laborers and skilled personnel who precisely defined the planes and shape of the pyramid. The skilled people included ancient architectures and priest- astronomers (Hornung 13). Significance of pyramids to the Egyptian society The Egyptian pyramids hold very great religious and spiritual significance. This is related to its use and its architectural design. To start with, the triangular design of the pyramid reflects the three-sided nature of God which are; the creator, transformer and the preserver. The 3-sided nature of God is also explained in the Egyptian mythology of a seeker’s journey. According to this mythology, the journey had a point of origin representing birth/ creation, along journey associated with evolution and discoveries of inner self and lastly recognition of true identity. This three-sided facet is accurately reflected in the perfect symmetrical triangular shape of the pyramid (equilateral triangular shape). The three sides of the triangle merged into one or encompassed one area meaning that God is one but has three aspects (Hornung 8). The architectural shape of the pyramid was opted for since it represented unity. From its three-sided shape, a pyramid also has 4 faces. One face on the earth, while the rest facing heaven. Pyramids were constructed with uttermo st accuracy. Those who were involved in the construction of pyramids constituted of experts who had control over nature and not the slaves. They utilized their knowledge in divine laws to minimize the weight of the stones in construction. They were able to lift huge blocks of rocks effortlessly by minimizing their gravitational pull. Conservative archeologists /anthropologists in Egypt argue that the idea of the using slaves to build the pyramids were doctored by those people who could not believe that ancient Egyptians had technology which is unavailable in the modern era (Lorwerth 8). The fundamental principle behind the building of the great Pyramids was because of spiritual reasons. Ancient Egyptians used a Pyramid as a sacred place where spiritual initiation could be carried out. They opted for the pyramid because of its triangular symbolism of human being’s inner quest.Advertising Looking for research paper on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ancient Egypt believed in self-illumination. However, with time initiates became very reluctant and were forced to the sacred place. Finally, this process of initiation lost its influence and the Pyramids found different use. This is the main reason why archeological evidence related to these spiritual practices are very hard to find (Lorwerth 9). Ancient Egyptians also believed that when their kings/ Pharaoh died they became god. Long serving pharaohs became Osiris while the new ones Horus-god of the sun. Therefore, Ancient Egyptians believed in Kings Rule even after death. Most of these pyramids were used as tombs for the mummified pharaohs. Inside these tombs were all kinds of artifacts they believed the king would require in after-life including human servants (Hornung 8). Conclusion Pyramids have made Egypt both as an historical and economic rich country. In the contemporary Egyptian society, Pyramids have become a major tourist attraction with the Sphinx Pyramid at Giza being one of the original Seven Wonders of the World. Tourists and archeologists stream to Egypt to learn more about the Pyramid and early civilization. Pyramids are associated with early scientists and mathematicians. They have perfect triangular planes and sophisticated building materials scientists cannot believe existed four centuries ago. Most of the workers who were injured during the construction recovered from their crushed or Brocken limbs. This demonstrates that in ancient Egypt, besides their skilled construction engineers, they also had professional health practitioners and healthcare facilities. This is the reason why scientists believe that Egypt is the home to early civilization. Grimal, Nicolas. A History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, Ltd., 2000. Print. Hornung, Erik. History of Ancient Egypt. New York: Cornell University Press, 1999. Print. Lorwerth, Edwards. The Pyramids of Egypt. London: Penguin Books, 1993. Print.

Review World Trade Center by Oliver Stone

Review World Trade Center by Oliver Stone Introduction The purpose of this study is to analyze the movie World Trade Center (2006) directed by Oliver Stone. The assessment will capture the nature of the crisis presented in the movie, the steps taken to alleviate the crisis and the skills employed in the rescue operations. The study will also assess the development of the virtue of resilience as depicted in the movie.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review: â€Å"World Trade Center† by Oliver Stone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A crisis occurs as a result of an unexpected situation that is precarious and life threatening. In most cases, the cause of the threat is predominantly unidentified. The situation causing the crisis may result from poor system performance. Crises are associated with complex systems. Simple systems do not necessarily cause crises. In any crisis set-up, an immediate solution must be sort. One of the characteristics of a crisis is that it occurs unexpectedly. Due to the uncertainty manifested by the crisis, it may cause a lot of anxiety to the parties concerned (James Gilliland, 2013). The nature of the crisis presented Crises may be put in various categories ranging from development, situational and eco-systematic crises. The type of crisis presented in the movie World Trade Center (2006) directed by Oliver Stone is a situational one. A situational crisis occurs suddenly (James 2008). It is not designated to appear at any particular place. It randomly occurs. It is not possible to forecast a situational crisis hence the need to employ some crisis preparedness techniques arise. The most ideal situation is to have disaster preparedness systems in place so that they could be used in case of any crisis. Situational crises are usually very powerful, outrageous and disastrous. In the movie World Trade Center (2006) directed by Oliver Stone, immediately when the South Tower was hit, the victims were seen jumpin g out of the tower. When the South Tower started to rubble, the police officers from Port Authority Police had already begun their rescue operations. They entered the concourse of the tower with the security equipment. When one the officers named Pezzulo was trying to free his colleague’s leg from the rubble, the North Tower began to rubble, and Pezzulo was critically injured and died.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Family members were anxiously waiting for the rescue of members from the rubble. The fate of the trapped members, Mclaughlin and Jimeno, was unknown hence this caused anxiety. Nobody knew whether they were dead or alive. Steps for alleviating the crisis At first, John Mclaughlin noted that a plane was flying dangerously overhead. When the North Tower had been hit, he together with other officers rushed to the scene and started the rescue operations. They were unaware of the threat that was to happen and its magnitude. This was a confident move in dealing with a threat of unknown magnitude. When the second tower started to rubble, the officers took cover in the service shaft. Some of the officers like Amoros and Rodriques did not manage to reach the service shaft. This demonstrated an excellent way of getting an immediate solution to the crisis. While John McLoughlin and Willy Jimeno were still trapped in the rubble for long hours, McLoughlin tried his best to keep Jimeno from falling asleep. This portrayed that the two were still hopeful that they would be rescued. Family members desperately waited for the rescue of their loved ones. This was a courageous way of expressing hope in the midst of crisis. Friends stood next to the family members. Even though they were quite helpless in offering any sort of help, they expressed love and comfort during the crisis. They turned to the church and God for divine intervention. This was an important aspect taken for granted during the crisis. Coping skills The wives of the two police officers, Donna McLoughlin and Allison Jimeno, remained strong amidst the crisis that was affecting them. Their children looked upon them. They had to be strong. Any signs of desperation would have negatively affected their children. The two ladies may have been thinking of the responsibility that would be laid with them in case of their husbands death. The trapped officers endured pain. In one of the scenes, Jimeno legs were trapped in the rubble. This showed that he endured pain from the weight of the rubble on his leg.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review: â€Å"World Trade Center† by Oliver Stone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unlike many other crises where the affected parties appeared helpless, this was not case with the said police officer. On realizing that there was a metal bar above his body in the t rapped situation, Jimeno used it to produce some noise so that the rescuers could hear it and eventually came and helped them. Crisis victims often experience some inability to cope with the situation encountered. Some signs of person’s inability to cope with the skills required are portrayed in the movie World Trade Center (2006) by Oliver Stone. Some desperation may have gripped the two officers trapped in the rubble. They wanted to get out of the trapped situation as soon as possible though it was impossible as they remained trapped for several hours (Halbfinger, 2006). The two officers could also have been bewildered by the situation they were in. None of them may have gone through such an experience before. The trapped officers may have feared that the situation could have been more dangerous. There was a confusion which affected their ability to think clearly. Developing resilience US Marine officers were there for so many hours (Halbfinger, 2006). They dedicated themse lves wholly to ensure that all the rescue operations were accomplished. The noise from the metal bar produced by Jimeno alerted them, and they were able to identify the location where the two were trapped (Stone, 2006). The family members, colleagues and friends all came to the hospital to support the rescued victims (Wright, 2012). This demonstrated their unity and hope for the better. The children of the trapped officers, especially McLoughlin’s, were teenagers. Having witnessed what happened to their fathers, the children developed some resilience towards such a future occurrence. Conclusion A crisis situation can happen any time. Proper management of a crisis scenario plays a major role in ensuring that people’s lives are saved (Hergenhahn, 2005). This can take various dimensions depending on the situation. Crisis victims normally require both physical and psychological healing.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If psychological healing is ignored, the victim ends up suffering even after the physical healing has been administered to them. It is important to employ the services of a trained counselor to offer psychological therapy. Trained counselors are able to identify the cause of psychological trauma and, therefore, guide the victim step by step through the healing process. References Halbfinger, D. M. (2006). Oliver Stones World Trade Center Seeks Truth in the Rubble .New York, USA: The New York Times. Hergenhahn, B.R. (2005). An introduction to the history of psychology. Belmont, USA: Wadsworth Publishing. James, R.K., Gilliland, B.E. (2013). Crisis intervention strategies. (7th ed). Belmont, USA: Cengage Learning. Stone, Oliver. (Director). (2006). World Trade Center [DVD].United States, Paramount Pictures. Wright, H. N. (2012). The complete guide to crisis trauma counseling: What to do and say when it matters most. Ventura, USA: Regal Books.

Religion and Politics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Religion and Politics - Research Paper Example The strife that exists between the Israelites and the Iranians, for example, are always involved in the conflict. Israel is a Christian country while Iran is Muslim. The two countries differ a lot in terms of how they are governed and that, sometimes, attracts conflicts. Religion has a significant effect on politics of any given society given that it plays an important role in shaping the concept of power and how it is exercised on people. Before delving deeper into the topic, it is critical that the paper defines the two concepts that the discussion will be revolving around. Religion is not new. It is stated that people started believing there was a deity or rather a force more powerful than the humans since the discovery of fire. It was believed that  fire was something of the gods, bringing about the concept of religion and consulting a deity. The main religions on the planet are Christina and Muslim, both of which share over half of the world’s population. Simply put, religion is a system of symbols that formulates conceptions on the general order of human existence (Wald & Calhoun-Brown 23). Politics, on the other hand, is a subject that is as old as history can itself be. People do not perform very well if they are not governed. More often than not, productivity is closely linked to the level of manning or rather supervision involved. In the case of people living in harmony, then that may not be possibl e if they do not have a higher authority governing what people should and should not do in regard to relating with each other. A brief definition of what politics means is that it entails the activities that are associated with the governance of a particular country. Religion and politics are part and parcel, and they are inseparable. The society is run by several important tenets most of which are determined by the governance of that society and the religion practiced by the people.

The Kinship System of Yanomamo Culture Assignment

The Kinship System of Yanomamo Culture - Assignment Example This system of kinship is based on bifurcate merging. In this system of kinship, though the institution of marriage remains closely confined to the family, it sternly prohibits marriages between parallel cousins. It is just because the Yanomamo people tend to hold kinship so dear that they tend to form groups and manage intergroup relationships by resorting to alliances and warfare (Simpson & Kenrick, 1997). The Yanomamo people tend to organize themselves locally relying on the patrilinial decent. The depth of the lineage groups seldom extends more than three adult generations. Individuals are not allowed to mention the names of their dead as it is considered to be inauspicious (Simpson & Kenrick, 1997). In a practical context it means that the name of ancestors and the human ties associated with them are soon forgotten. Marriage to more than one woman is considered by the males to be a symbol of social status. The social life is woven around striking relationships between groups either through alliances or warfare. Both these methods of striking relationships involve the exchange of women between groups and it is mostly this exchange that gives way to violence and warfare. The Marriages alliances involve a marriage between two groups belonging to two different tribes. In the Yanomamo system of kinship, the individual loyalty and allegiance of a tribe member automatically passes on to the tribe in which that member marries (Simpson & Kenrick, 1997). Perhaps Yanomamo adhere to this kinship going by the need for the males to help tribes survive in an environment marked by scarce resources. Yanomamo people also tend to forge feasting alliances with tribes that are not united by a marriage, but are also not divided by aggression and war. In a broader context the Yanomamo idea of kinship originates from their philosophy that considers nature to be a unified and sacred force, marked by its power to

Analytical Study on the Issues Related to Gun Control Essay

Analytical Study on the Issues Related to Gun Control - Essay Example The issue of gun control is augmented with the present tendencies of using handguns by the civilians and students, who cause for much havoc among the people. The sniper shootings in America have made a deep threat among the civilians in America. In such circumstances it is worthwhile to redefine the American democratic system with its application in the present issue. Therefore, this essay tries to analyze the issue of gun control with the democratic features of pluralism, stratificationism and hyper pluralism. The Issues related to Gun control in America show a specialty of the democratic aspect, that is, Pluralism. There are different notions regarding gun control in America. The BBC reports, â€Å"Americans now appear equally split between urban liberals who want gun control and tough environmental controls, and country dwellers who oppose abortion on demand and support hunting with guns† (BBC News). Some of the states like California, Illinois, New York and the District of Columbia support some sort of control in gun rights. The states like Washington, Florida and Texas stand for the gun rights. In the states like Alaska and Arizona the concealed carry laws are so simple and so everyone can have guns. The gun control has been viewed differently by Democratic Party and Republican Party. The Democratic Party stands for the gun control measures whereas the Republican Party stands against the gun control (BBC News). So it can be stated that the issue of gun control is a partisan issue. Some states, some groups and some political parties support gun control whereas some, on the other side, critically object it. The gun control in the country remains to be a sharply attacked by the gun lobby prevalent in America. NRA (National Rifle Association) is the most powerful lobby arguing for the citizens’ rights of gun. It adheres to the Bill of Rights as put forward by the 2nd Amendment which ensures the citizens to possess gun. The gun lobbyists in Americ a stand as a supreme interest group in America projecting the dominance of interest groups in American democracy. The bill on gun control was presented in the different Houses of the state but was denied support by taking the 2nd Amendment of the Constitution which states that every American citizen has the right to protect his/her life from others, and therefore, the Constitution gives him the right to bear arms. This constitutional right could not be changed even in the modern scenario due to the influence of the gun lobbyists. The Second Amendment of American Constitution stands for the rights for guns. It ensures the citizens’ rights to own the firearms. The modern incidents of mass killing by the firearms have made the people to rethink about the excessive use of guns in America. The mass killing 32 innocent people on the campus of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University at Virginia, and the similar incidents at various parts of the country, have put the stat es to regulate on the use of guns by the civilians. The proposal of the states to ban gun was thoroughly failed by the influence of gun lobbies in America. In America around 145 groups are arguing for the gun culture and NRA is having the most influence of these all. The Pluralistic aspect of democracy has excessively played its role on this issue. Pluralism is a

Business ethic reflective essay Essay Example for Free

Business ethic reflective essay Essay It was probably in 2010, I was an agent in an assurance company. My duties was managing and servicing our organization’s existing corporate client portfolio that has been assigned to me. One of our company product called Saving Plan what pay an amount of money monthly or yearly up to 6 years, the annual will received 6% interest and consumer can take their money back after they complete the 6 years payment. As we know, every product might have some weaknesses while it benefits us. It is commonly that company or sales man will try to minimize the weakness of product while they promote it. But what I did wrong was that I did never mention the product weakness to customer that they will only get the best return (interest) after 25 years when they completed payment for 6 years saving plan, what I thought the saving plan as a force to consumer get use to save money and whoever buy the saving plan they will always get their money back at the end if they complete the payment. My concern was close cases at that time. In fact, It was kind of ethic problem when I promoted products but did not let customers understand all about it. Once I heard complain from customer I felt so guilty of myself that I had hidden from my customers. I felt shame to face my customer. I felt that was unfair to my customers and I used customer’s belief to gain my own profit. I thought it will not have any lose for my customers even I did not tell the limitation of the product cause after customer complete the saving plan, they could take their money back at anytime, but customers will only get their return of this investment after 25 years when policy mature. As it tend to depend on the economy, the saving plan may not make profit for customers. This lesson has taught me how to be an ethic person. We could put ourselves as consumers that we will always wish to know the truth and we have the right. I will never do this again in my life, trust is very important and to build a trust will always get back our customers. I would like to explain and analysis all to my customer. I wish I can be a ethic person wherever I am and whatever I do.